解脂耶氏酵母基于木质纤维素原料生产化学品研究进展  

Advances in the Production of Chemicals from Lignocellulosic Material by Yarrowia lipolytica

作　　者：王露鑫 房立霞 陈雅如 李孟旭 牛小龙 宋浩[1,2] 曹英秀[1] WANG Lu-xin;FANG Li-xia;CHEN Ya-ru;LI Meng-xu;NIU Xiao-long;SONG Hao;CAO Ying-xiu(Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering(Ministry of Education),School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin300072,China;Qingdao Institute for Ocean Engineering of Tianjin University,Qingdao266237,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学化工学院教育部合成生物学前沿科学中心系统生物工程教育部重点实验室,天津300072 [2]天津大学青岛海洋工程技术研究院,青岛266237

出　　处：《中国生物工程杂志》2022年第12期91-100,共10页China Biotechnology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2104400);国家自然科学基金(22078240);天津市自然科学基金(19JCQNJC09200);天津市青年人才托举工程(TJSQNTJ-2018-16)资助项目。

摘　　要：解脂耶氏酵母具有遗传背景清晰、分子操作体系较为成熟、抗逆性强、底物谱广、有机酸和蛋白质分泌能力强等优点,在微生物发酵生产化学品领域极具应用潜力。木质纤维素是丰富的可再生生物质资源,以木质纤维素原料替代化石原料生产化学品对于缓解全球能源危机、保障粮食安全等意义重大。解脂耶氏酵母可以天然代谢木质纤维素水解产生的葡萄糖,但对其他水解产物(如木糖)的利用效率极低。综述解脂耶氏酵母利用木质纤维素原料的代谢途径及改造策略,以木质纤维素原料生产化学品为例,重点讨论该过程中的主要瓶颈问题及解决办法,为后续研究提供参考。Yarrowia lipolytica has great application potential in the field of microbial fermentation of chemicals due to its clear genetic background,relatively mature molecular manipulation system,strong stress resistance,broad substrate spectrum,and strong organic acid and protein secretion capabilities.Lignocellulose is the most abundant renewable biomass resource on the earth,and the use of lignocellulose materials to replace fossil materials to produce chemicals is of great significance in alleviating global energy crisis and ensuring food security.Y.lipolytica can naturally metabolize glucose produced by hydrolysis of lignocellulose.However,the utilization efficiency of other hydrolysis products such as xylose is extremely low.This article reviews the metabolic pathways and engineering strategies of Y.lipolytica using lignocellulosic materials,as well as examples of using lignocellulosic materials to produce chemicals,and focuses on the bottlenecks in this process.The solutions to these bottlenecks were also discussed,with the aim to provide useful information for relevant studies in this field.

关 键 词：解脂耶氏酵母 木质纤维素 木糖 代谢工程 

分 类 号：Q939[生物学—微生物学]