外源2,4-表油菜素内酯对苦荞灌浆及产量形成的影响  

Effect of exogenous 2,4-epibrassinolide on grain filling and yield formation of Tartary buckwheat

作　　者：张余 郭溶誉 李振东 张新月 王晓静 黄小燕 黄凯丰 ZHANG Yu;GUO Rongyu;LI Zhendong;ZHANG Xinyue;WANG Xiaojing;HUANG Xiaoyan;HUANG Kaifeng(Buckwheat Industry Technology Research Center,School of Life Science,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学生命科学学院荞麦产业技术研究中心,贵阳550001

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2022年第6期1437-1443,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2297号,[2020]1Y048);贵州省教育厅创新群体重大研究项目(黔教合KY字[2018]015);贵阳市科技计划项目(筑科合同[2019]11-6号)资助。

摘　　要：为明确外源2,4-表油菜素内酯影响苦荞生长、粒重与产量形成的生理机制,以苦荞品种晋荞2号为试验材料,研究不同浓度的外源2,4-表油菜素内酯处理(0、0.1、0.5、1.0和2.0 mg/L)对苦荞籽粒的灌浆特性、淀粉合成酶、根系形态及活力、叶片抗氧化酶活性及光合特性、农艺性状及产量的影响.结果表明:0.5 mg/L处理时苦荞籽粒的灌浆起始势(R0)、最大灌浆速率(Gmax)和平均灌浆速率(Gmean)最大,而达最大灌浆速率的时间(Tmax.G)最小;随2,4-表油菜素内酯施用量的增加,苦荞籽粒的腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶(AGPase)和可溶性淀粉合成酶(SSS)活性、根系总长度等根系形态指标和根系活力、叶片抗氧化酶活性及光合特性指标、株高、主茎直径、单株粒重和千粒重均呈先增加后降低的趋势,且都在0.5 mg/L处理时达最大.外源2,4-表油菜素内酯的施用能在一定程度上促进苦荞产量的增加,其中0.1、0.5和1.0 mg/L处理与对照相比分别提高产量1.10、1.31和1.06倍,2.0 mg/L处理则降低0.96倍.本研究表明适宜的外源2,4-表油菜素内酯处理(0.5 mg/L)能促进苦荞籽粒灌浆,提高粒重和最终的产量.(图1表8参32)In order to clarify the physiological mechanism of effect of 2,4-epibrassinolide (EBR) on the growth,grain weight,and yield formation of Tartary buckwheat,five treatments (0 mg/L,0.1 mg/L,0.5 mg/L,1.0 mg/L,and 2.0 mg/L) were set up with Jinqiao2 (JQ2),a Tartary buckwheat variety,as the experimental material.The effects of EBR on grain-filling characteristics,starch synthase enzymatic activity,root morphology and physiology,antioxidant enzyme activity content and photosynthetic characteristics in leaves,agronomic characteristics,and yield of Tartary buckwheat were studied.The results showed that the initial growth power (R0),maximum grain filling rate (Gmax),and average grain filling rate (Gmean) of Tartary buckwheat under the 0.5 mg/L treatment were the highest,while the time to reach the maximum grain filling rate (Tmax.G) was the minimum.With the increase in EBR application concentration,the activities of adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphate (AGPase),soluble starch synthase (SSS),root morphological indexes and root activity,antioxidant enzyme activities,and photosynthetic characteristics of leaves,plant height,main stem diameter,grain weight per plant,and 1 000-grain weight of Tartary buckwheat all showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.All reached a maximum at the application concentration of 0.5 mg/L.The application of exogenous EBR could promote the yield of Tartary buckwheat to a certain extent.Compared with the control,the yield of Tartary buckwheat was increased by 1.10,1.31,and 1.06 times by the 0.1,0.5,and 1.0 mg/L treatments,respectively,while decreased by 0.96 times with the 2.0 mg/L treatment.In summary,suitable treatment with exogenous 2,4-epbrassinolide (0.5 mg/L) can promote grain filling and increase grain weight and yield of Tartary buckwheat.

关 键 词：苦荞 2 4-表油菜素内酯 灌浆特性 生长发育 产量形成 

分 类 号：S517[农业科学—作物学]