汽车起重机电液流量匹配系统非线性特性研究  

Nonlinear characteristics of electro-hydraulic flow matching system of truck crane

作　　者：侯冠男 王飞[2,3] 杨明昆 余聪 贾鹏硕 艾超 HOU Guan-nan;WANG Fei;YANG Ming-kun;YU Cong;JIA Peng-shuo;AI Chao(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Shougang Institute of Technology,Beijing 100043,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao 066004,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xinjiang Institute of Engineering,Urumqi 830023,China)

机构地区：[1]首钢工学院机电工程学院,北京100043 [2]燕山大学机械工程学院,河北秦皇岛066004 [3]新疆工程学院机电工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830023

出　　处：《机电工程》2023年第1期89-95,共7页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：河北省高等学校科学技术研究重点资助项目(ZD2021340,ZD2020166)。

摘　　要：针对汽车起重机变转速电液流量匹配系统液压泵流量非线性和非线性负载扰动问题,提出了一种基于先验数据的液压泵流量非线性映射模型。首先,搭建了电机、定量泵和液压缸的数学模型;其次,通过实验测得了液压泵压力、转速与容积效率的关系,拟合出了容积效率云图,构建了泵的流量非线性映射模型;最后,以变幅机构为分析对象,利用AMESim软件搭建了系统仿真模型,进行了液压泵的流量非线性和非线性负载扰动在流量补偿前后的对比仿真分析。研究结果表明:在液压泵流量非线性映射模型的补偿作用下,系统能够对电机转速进行补偿,使液压泵的输出流量不随负载压力的变化而变化,当负载出现25 kN、50 kN和75 kN阶跃波动时,最大流量波动幅值分别减小52.1%、47.9%和43.5%,验证了所提出的流量非线性模型的有效性,提升了变幅伸缩机构的控制精度和运动平稳性。A nonlinear mapping model of hydraulic pump flow based on prior data was proposed to solve the problems of nonlinear flow and nonlinear load disturbance of hydraulic pump in variable speed electro-hydraulic flow matching system of truck crane.Firstly,the mathematical model of the motor,quantitative pump and hydraulic cylinder was built.Then,the relationship between the pressure,speed and volumetric efficiency of the hydraulic pump was measured through experiments,the volumetric efficiency cloud diagram was fitted,and the pump flow nonlinear mapping model was constructed.Finally,taking the luffing mechanism as the analysis object,the AMESim software was used to build a system simulation model,comparative simulation analysis of hydraulic pump flow nonlinearity and nonlinear load disturbance before and after flow compensation was carried out.The research results show that under the compensation of the hydraulic pump flow nonlinear mapping model,the system can compensate the motor speed,so that the output flow of the hydraulic pump does not change with the change of load pressure,when the load has 25 kN,50 kN and 75 kN step fluctuations,the maximum flow fluctuation amplitude is reduced by 52.1%,47.9%and 43.5%respectively,which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed flow nonlinear model and improves the control accuracy and motion stability of the luffing telescopic mechanism.

关 键 词：起重机械 自行式起重机 液压泵 流量非线性模型 非线性负载扰动 变幅机构 流量补偿 

分 类 号：TH213.6[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH137.5