中国历史学“无奴派”思潮的理论剖析与当下审视  

On the Theoretical Manipulation of the “Non Slave School” in Chinese History

作　　者：乔治忠[1,2] QIAO Zhi-zhong(Langfang Normal University,Langfang 065000,China;School of History,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]廊坊师范学院史学理论及中国史学史研究中心,河北廊坊065000 [2]南开大学历史学院,天津300350

出　　处：《河北学刊》2023年第1期17-32,共16页Hebei Academic Journal

摘　　要：1979年史学界兴起的“无奴派”思潮,对当代中国史学造成很大的负面影响。中国的“无奴派”与西方公然反对历史唯物论、否认历史发展具有客观规律的学派不同,是表面上遵循马克思主义,却主张五种社会形态演进历史规律的学说既不是马克思、恩格斯所创立,也不合乎历史事实。他们以曲解马克思主义的方式进行理论操弄,集中地否定奴隶制社会是人类社会历史发展的必经阶段。其手法是给奴隶和奴隶社会私立一个片面、绝对、狭隘、僵化的标准,从而将世界许多地区的上古时代排除在奴隶制社会之外;用颠倒时空的方式,把马克思评议近代历史状况的论述,移用到古典世界;随意解释经典著作的内容,而不惜违背学理逻辑;甚至有移花接木、厚诬恩格斯的不端行为。从理论上阐明“无奴派”违反马克思主义,揭出其理论操弄的错误和荒谬,是十分重要和非常迫切的工作,非此不足以申正论、正视听,消除史学界许多学者的迷茫和彷徨,将历史学导向健康发展的轨道。In 1979, the trend of thought of “no slavery” arose in the historiography circle, which had a great negative impact on the contemporary Chinese historiography. Unlike the Western schools that openly oppose historical materialism and deny the objective law of historical development, China’s “non slave school” ostensibly follows Marxism but advocates the historical law of the evolution of five social forms. It is neither founded by Marx and Engels nor in line with historical facts. They manipulated the theory in the way of misinterpreting Marxism and intensively denied that the slavery society was a necessary stage of historical development. Its methods are to give slaves and slave societies a one-sided, absolute, narrow and rigid standard, so as to exclude the ancient times in many parts of the world from the slave society;In the way of reversing time and space, Marx’s discussion on modern historical conditions was transferred to the classical world;Interpret the contents of classical works at will, regardless of violating the theoretical logic;There were even misdeeds of transplanting flowers and trees and falsely accusing Engels. It is very important and urgent to make it clear theoretically that the “non slave school ” violates Marxism and expose the errors and absurdities of its theoretical manipulation. Only in this way can we eliminate the confusion and hesitation of many scholars in the field of history and guide history to the track of healthy development.

关 键 词：“无奴派” 马克思主义 历史规律 曲解 

分 类 号：K207[历史地理—历史学]