Gm-APD焦平面阵列的距离重构与三维成像实验  

Range Reconstruction and 3D Imaging Experiment Based on Gm-APD FPA

作　　者：高冬阳 陈宗镁 陈寰 史庆杰 夏团结 陈龙江 GAO Dongyang;CHEN Zongmei;CHEN Huan;SHI Qingjie;XIA Tuanjie;CHEN Longjiang(Shanghai Aerospace Control Technology Institute,Shanghai 201109,China;Research and Development Centre of Infrared Detection Technology,China Aerospace Science and TechnologyCorporation,Shanghai 201109,China)

机构地区：[1]上海航天控制技术研究所,上海201109 [2]中国航天科技集团有限公司红外探测技术研发中心,上海201109

出　　处：《光子学报》2022年第12期88-99,共12页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金(No.21ZR1480600)。

摘　　要：系统梳理了基于单元盖格雪崩光电二极管的多类距离重构方法的原理与特点,分析了适用于面阵盖格雪崩光电二极管的距离重构方法。采用激光细光束二维扫描发射覆盖探测视场和面阵盖格雪崩光电二极管焦平面阵列器件探测接收目标回波的方式,搭建了激光三维成像实验装置。采用不同距离重构方法对激光回波点云原始数据进行目标距离信息提取,以信号与背景计数的比值定量评估目标距离重构结果的差异。实验比对结果表明,空间相关处理后的信号与背景计数比值由0.5提升至6.67,提升效果明显。激光三维成像实验结果对比发现,在100 Hz成像帧频下仅有空间相关方法能重构出目标三维轮廓,验证了空间相关重构方法的优势和有效性,支撑了基于盖格雪崩光电二极管焦平面阵列高帧频远距激光三维成像技术工程应用。Benefiting from the high sensitivity and high temporal resolution of single photon detector,Geiger mode laser ranging technology has become a research hotspot for three dimensional imaging detection in recent years.The range reconstruction method is one of the key technologies in the application of laser three dimensional imaging.Facing the application of long distance,high precision laser three dimensional imaging,the biggest technical problem based on photon counting LiDAR is to maintain the distance reconstruction accuracy under the interference of strong background noise.Most of the noise of single photon detectors can be suppressed through distance gating and spectral filtering.The laser backscattered noise also can be suppressed through polarization modulation.But,there still exist strong backgrounds such as sunlight scattering within the distance gate and the spectral bandwidth.Laser ranging accuracy is decreased by sunlight scattering noise.The results of previous photon counting laser ranging experiments under daytime conditions show that,it is impossible to meet the needs of high precision ranging under strong noise backgrounds by improving the performance of single photon detectors of lasers.Therefore,it is necessary to study different distance reconstruction methods,and propose a laser echo information processing method under strong noise conditions.The experimental comparison study work can provide the support for the innovation and development of long-distance,high frame rate active laser imaging technology.In this paper,the principles and characteristics of multi-class distance reconstruction methods based on cell Geiger mode avalanche photodiodes are systematically sorted out in.It mainly includes photon counting time statistics method,linear or exponential fitting method,matrix or Gaussian matching method,temporal correlation method and spatial correlation method.Aiming to the application of long distance and high frame rate lase three dimensional imaging,an experimental scheme based on laser bea

关 键 词：激光雷达 光子计数 三维成像 盖格雪崩光电二极管 焦平面阵列 

分 类 号：O437[机械工程—光学工程]