不同比例芦苇与甘草茎叶混合青贮效果研究  

Study on Effects of Mixed Silage of Reed and Licorice Stems &Leaves with Different Proportions

作　　者：陈亚飞 郁万瑞 王芳芳 李明洋[1,2] 蒋涛 蒋慧[1,2] CHEN Yafei;YU Wanrui;WANG Fangfang;LI Mingyang;JIANG Tao;JIANG Hui(College of Animal Science and Technology,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China;Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology Corps,Alar 843300,China;Tarim University-Xinjiang Tianshan Jinyu Herding Co.Livestock Expert Workstation,Alar 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学动物科学与技术学院,阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木畜牧科技兵团重点实验室,阿拉尔843300 [3]塔里木大学新疆天山金昱牧业有限公司畜牧专家工作站,阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第1期460-468,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：新疆兵团南疆重点产业创新发展支撑项目——南疆牧草高产栽培及饲用组合提质增效配套研究与示范(2021DB015);新疆兵团重点领域科技攻关计划子课题——生态经济型植物产业链效益开发技术与模式(2021AB022-4);新疆南疆地区奶牛饲料资源调查(1220013)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在评估芦苇与甘草茎叶混合青贮的效果及其适宜的混合比例。将芦苇与甘草茎叶分别按100∶0(L1组)、60∶40(L2组)、50∶50(L3组)、40∶60(L4组)和0∶100(L5组)的重量比例分为5个组进行混合,每组5个重复。青贮90 d后,测定青贮前后的营养成分,鉴定感官品质、发酵品质及有氧暴露第0、1、3、5、7和15天的微生物数量。结果表明:1)随着甘草茎叶所占比例的提高,各组混合青贮粗蛋白质(CP)含量逐渐提高(P<0.05),中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量逐渐降低(P<0.05),且L5组NDF含量显著低于其他组(P<0.05),L4组和L5组ADF含量显著低于L1组、L2组和L3组(P<0.05)。2)L2组、L3组和L4组混合青贮感官评分较高,等级评为优,且L4组感官评分最高。3) L4组混合青贮pH和丁酸含量最低,显著低于其他组(P<0.05);L2组、L3组和L4组乳酸和乙酸含量显著高于L1组和L5组(P<0.05),且L4组乙酸含量最高;L4组氨态氮/总氮值显著低于其他组(P<0.05);L2组、L3组和L4组混合青贮的总评分分别为83、82和81分,等级为优。4)有氧暴露第15天时,L4组混合青贮酵母菌和霉菌数量及pH最低,并显著低于其他组(P<0.05);L4组乳酸菌数量最高,显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。由此可见,芦苇与甘草茎叶混合青贮能够改善青贮品质,且两者以40∶60的比例混合青贮效果较好。The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of mixed silage of reed and licorice stems & leaves and their appropriate mixing proportion. The reed and licorice stems & leaves were divided into 5 groups according to the weight ratios of 100∶0(group L1),60∶40(group L2),50∶50(group L3),40∶60(group L4)and 0∶100(group L5),respectively,and each group had 5 replicates. After 90 days of ensiling,the nutrient composition before and after ensiling was measured,and the sensory quality,fermentation quality,and microbial number at days 0,1,3,5,7,and 15 after aerobic exposure were identified. The results showed as follows:1)with the increase of the proportion of licorice stems and leaves,the crude protein(CP)content of mixed silage in each group was gradually increased(P < 0. 05),and the contents of neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)were gradually decreased(P<0.05);meanwhile,the NDF content in group L5 was significantly lower than that in the other groups(P<0.05),and the ADF content in groups L4and L5 was significantly lower than that in groups L1,L2 and L3(P<0.05). 2)The sensory scores of mixed silages in groups L2,L3 and L4 were higher with excellent grade rated,and the sensory score in group L4 was the highest. 3)The pH and butyric acid content of mixed silage in group L4 were the lowest,which were significantly lower than those in the other groups(P<0.05);the contents of lactic acid and acetic acid in groups L2,L3 and L4 were significantly higher than those in groups L1 and L5(P<0.05),and the acetic acid content in group L4 was the highest;the ammonia nitrogen to total nitrogen ratio in group L4 was significantly lower than that in the other groups(P<0.05);and the total scores of mixed silages in groups L2,L3 and L4were 83,82 and 81,respectively,with excellent grades. 4)On the day 15 after aerobic exposure,the number of yeast and mold and pH of mixed silage in group L4 were the lowest,and significantly lower than those in the other groups(P<0.05);the number of lactic acid bacteria in g

关 键 词：芦苇 甘草茎叶 营养价值 发酵品质 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]