饲料添加藻钩虾粉对凡纳滨对虾生长和脂类物质含量的影响  

Effects of Dietary Ampitheoe sp. Powder on Growth and Lipid Contents of Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：耿泽星 陈朝通 吴鹏 李吉清 单洪伟[1] GENG Zexing;CHEN Chaotong;WU Peng;LI Jiqing;SHAN Hongwei(Key Laboratory of Mariculture,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Weihai Wendeng District Marine Development Affairs Center,Weihai 264400,China;Weihai Taiyu Aquatic Breeding Company Limited,Weihai 264400,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学,海水养殖教育部重点实验室,青岛266003 [2]威海市文登区海洋发展事务中心,威海264400 [3]威海泰裕水产良种繁育有限公司,威海264400

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第1期514-526,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFD0900202);文登产学研特聘专家项目(201902);黄河三角洲产业领军人才计划项目(DYRC20200213)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲料中添加藻钩虾粉对凡纳滨对虾生长及虾青素、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TCHO)、脂肪酸等脂类物质含量的影响。试验选取初始体重为(1.80±0.72)g的凡纳滨对虾约6777尾,随机分成3组,每组3个重复,每个重复放养约753尾虾。各每组分别饲喂含0(D0组)、8.25%(D8.25组)和33.00%(D33.00组)藻钩虾粉的饲料。试验期40 d。结果表明:1)D33.00组凡纳滨对虾的终末体重、相对增重率、特定增长率、产量、成活率均显著高于D0组(P<0.05),饲料系数显著低于D0组(P<0.05),但以上指标与D8.25组没有显著差异(P>0.05)。2)D8.25组和D33.00组凡纳滨对虾甲壳、肝胰腺、肌肉中的虾青素含量均显著高于D0组(P<0.05);D33.00组凡纳滨对虾甲壳、肝胰腺、肌肉中的虾青素含量显著高于D8.25组(P<0.05)。3)第40天时,D8.25组和D33.00组凡纳滨对虾血淋巴、肝胰腺、肌肉中TG含量显著低于D0组(P<0.05);D8.25组凡纳滨对虾肝胰腺TCHO含量显著高于D0组和D33.00组(P<0.05);D33.00组凡纳滨对虾肌肉的TCHO含量显著高于D0组(P<0.05)。4)D33.00组凡纳滨对虾肝胰腺二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十碳四烯酸(AA)含量显著高于D0组(P<0.05);D33.00组凡纳滨对虾肌肉中AA含量显著高于D0组(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲料中添加藻钩虾粉能够提高凡纳滨对虾的生长性能,提高对虾虾青素、EPA和AA的含量,影响机体TG和TCHO的积累,可作为功能饲料应用于水产养殖。综合考虑成本,8.25%的藻钩虾粉添加水平较为适宜。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary Ampitheoe sp. powder on the growth and the contents of astaxanthin,triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TCHO)and fatty acids of Litopenaeus vannamei. A total of approximately 6 777 L. vannamei with an initial body weight of(1. 80 ±0.72)g were randomly divided into 3 groups,and there were 3 replicates(753 shrimp per replicate)in each group. Those shrimp fed diets containing 0(D0 group),8.25%(D8.25 group)and 33%(D33.00 group)Ampitheoe sp. powder,respectively. The feeding trial lasted for 40 days. The results showed as follows:1)the final body weight,weight gain rate,specific growth rate,yield and survival rate in D33.00 group were significantly higher than those in D0 group(P<0.05),whereas the feed conversion ratio was significantly lower than that in D0 group(P<0.05). However,there was no significant difference between D33.00 group and the D8.25 group in those indexes(P>0.05). 2)The astaxanthin content in carapace,hepatopancreas and muscle of L.vannamei in D8.25 and D33. 00 groups was significantly higher than that in D0 group(P < 0. 05);that in D33.00 group was significantly higher than that in D8.25 group(P<0.05). 3)TG content in haemolymph,hepatopancreas and muscle in D8.25 and D33.00 groups was significantly lower than that in D0 group(P<0.05);the TCHO content in hepatopancreas in D8. 25 group was significantly higher than that in D0 and D33.00 groups(P<0.05);TCHO content in muscle in D33.00 group was significantly higher than that in D0group(P<0.05). 4)The contents of eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)and arachidonic acid(AA)in hepatopancreas in D33.00 group were significantly higher than those in D0 group(P<0.05). The EPA content in muscle in D33.00 group was significantly higher than that in D0 group(P<0.05). In conclusion,adding Ampitheoe sp. powder into the diet can improve the growth performance,the contents of astaxanthin,EPA and AA in L.vannamei,and affect the accumulation of TG and TCHO,which can be used as a functional diet in aquaculture. Co

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 藻钩虾粉 生长 虾青素 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]