饲粮中添加不同益生菌对肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能、回肠黏膜免疫指标和盲肠发酵指标的影响  

Effects of Dietary Adding Different Probiotics on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance,Ileum Mucosal Immune Indexes and Cecal Fermentation Indexes of Meat Rabbits

作　　者：刘公言 高淑霞[1] 白莉雅[1] 刘曼 李明勇 杨丽萍[1] 姜文学[1] 王鹏 孙海涛[1] LIU Gongyan;GAO Shuxia;BAI Liya;LIU Man;LI Mingyong;YANG Liping;JIANG Wenxue;WANG Peng;SUN Haitao(Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multiomics of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding,Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao Kangda Rabbit Industry Development Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266000,China;Shandong Zhengyu Rabbit Industry Co.,Ltd.,Linyi 273400,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,山东省畜禽疫病防治与繁育重点实验室,农业农村部畜禽生物组学重点实验室,济南250100 [2]青岛康大兔业发展有限公司,农业农村部兔遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室,青岛266000 [3]山东正宇兔业有限公司,临沂273400

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第1期527-535,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-43-G-7);山东省现代农业产业技术体系(SDAIT-21-09,SDAIT-21-12);山东省农业科学院揭榜科技难题项目(SHJB2021-43);山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所揭榜科技难题项目(JB2022-01)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同益生菌对肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能、回肠黏膜免疫指标和盲肠发酵指标的影响,为益生菌在肉兔生产中应用提供理论参考。选用28日龄断奶、体重相近、健康状况良好的商品伊拉肉兔400只,随机分为4组,每组10个重复,每个重复10只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加108CFU/kg植物乳杆菌(Lactiplantbacillus plantarum)、戊糖片球菌(Pediococcus pentosaceus)和丁酸梭菌(Clostridium butyricum)。预试期7 d,正试期40 d。结果表明:1)饲粮中添加不同益生菌对肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能和内脏器官发育指标均无显著影响(P>0.05)。饲粮中添加不同益生菌有降低肉兔腹泻率的趋势(P=0.0595),有提高肉兔成活率的趋势(P=0.0603)。2)各试验组的空肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),丁酸梭菌组的空肠隐窝深度显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。3)试验组的回肠分泌型免疫球蛋白A(sIgA)含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验组的回肠肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。4)试验组的盲肠内容物pH显著低于对照组(P<0.05),试验组的盲肠内容物乙酸和总挥发性脂肪酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),丁酸梭菌组的盲肠内容物氨态氮含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加不同益生菌均能够改善肠道形态结构,改变盲肠内容物挥发性脂肪酸组成,提高机体肠道黏膜免疫性能,对维持肉兔肠道健康具有一定促进作用。综合本试验结果,丁酸梭菌对维持肉兔肠道形态结构效果较好。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary adding different probiotics on growth performance,slaughter performance,ileum mucosal immune indexes and cecal fermentation indexes of meat rabbits,so as to provide theoretical reference for application of probiotics in rabbit production. A total of 400commercial Ira meat rabbits with 28-day-old weaned,similar weight and good health were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 replicates in each group and 10 rabbits in each replicate. Rabbits in the control group was fed a basal diet,while others in experimental groups were fed basal diets added 10~8CFU/kg Lactiplantbacillus plantarum,Pediococcus pentosaceus and Clostridium butyricum,respectively. The pre-experimental period lasted for 7 days,and the formal experimental period lasted for 40 days. The results showed as follows:1)dietary adding different probiotics had no significant effects on growth performance,slaughter performance and visceral organ development indexes of meat rabbits(P>0.05). Dietary adding different probiotics had a trend to decrease the diarrhea rate of meat rabbits(P = 0.059 5),and had a trend to increase the survival rate of meat rabbits(P = 0.060 3). 2)The jejunum villi height of experimental groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the jejunum crypt depth of Clostridium butyricum group was significantly higher than the other groups(P<0.05). 3)The ileum secretory immunoglobulin A(sIgA)content of experimental groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the contents of tumour necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interferon-γ(IFN-γ)in ileum of experimental groups was significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05). 4)The cecal contents pH of experimental groups was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),the contents of acetic acid and total volatile fatty acids in cecal contents of experimental groups was significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05),and the cecal contents amm

关 键 词：植物乳杆菌 戊糖片球菌 丁酸梭菌 肉兔 生长性能 免疫性能 盲肠发酵 

分 类 号：S829.1[农业科学—畜牧学]