饲粮中添加壳寡糖对犬营养物质表观消化率、抗氧化能力和肠道菌群的影响  

Effects of Dietary Supplementing Chitooligosaccharide on Nutrient Apparent Digestibility,Antioxidant Capacity andI ntestinal Microflora of Dogs

作　　者：杨晓斌 李瑞国 妥强 石柏灌 杨慧超 高巧仙 李荣林[5] 辛国省 YANG Xiaobin;LI Ruiguo;TUO Qiang;SHI Baiguan;YANG Huichao;GAO Qiaoxian;LI Ronglin;XIN Guosheng(College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Feed Engineering Technology Research Center,Yinchuan 750021,China;College of Life Sciences,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Hiby Testing Service Research Institute,Yinchuan 750021,China;Patty Animal Nutrition Technology Co.,Ltd.,Wenzhou 325405,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏饲料工程技术研究中心,银川750021 [3]宁夏大学生命科学学院,银川750021 [4]宁夏昊标检测服务研究院,银川750021 [5]佩蒂动物营养科技股份有限公司,温州325405

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第1期611-622,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：企业委托项目“壳寡糖在犬猫食品中的应用开发”(2022004089011)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加壳寡糖(COS)对犬营养物质表观消化率、血清生化指标、抗氧化能力及肠道菌群的影响。试验选取1~2岁、体重[(5.64±0.26)kg]相近的成年雄性泰迪犬18只,随机分为3组,每组6个重复。各组在基础饲粮中分别添加0(对照组)、1(COS1组)、5 g/kg(COS5组)的壳寡糖。预试期15 d,正试期30 d。结果表明:1)饲粮中添加1 g/kg的COS对犬各营养物质表观消化率均无显著影响(P>0.05);与对照组相比,添加5 g/kg的COS显著增加了犬对粗脂肪表观消化率(P<0.05),对其他营养物质表观消化率无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加COS显著提高了犬血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)(P<0.05)且COS5组显著高于COS1组(P<0.05),对谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)与超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性及丙二醛(MDA)的含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加1 g/kg的COS对犬血清生化指标均无显著影响(P>0.05);添加5 g/kg的COS显著增加了犬血清总蛋白的含量(P<0.05),对其他血清生化指标无显著影响(P>0.05)。4)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加COS对α多样性指数均无显著影响(P>0.05)。在门水平,与对照组相比,添加COS均显著降低了犬肠道放线菌门(Actinobacteria)的相对丰度(P<0.05)且COS5组显著低于COS1组(P<0.05)。此外,与对照组相比,添加5 g/kg的COS显著提高了厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)的相对丰度(P<0.05)。在属水平,与对照组相比,添加COS均显著降低了犬肠道拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)和柯林斯氏菌属(Collinsella)的相对丰度(P<0.05)且COS5组柯林斯氏菌属的相对丰度显著低于COS1组(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加COS可一定程度上改善犬营养物质表观消化率,提高犬的抗氧化能力和免疫力,对肠道菌群的组成也有积极的调节作用。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementing chitooligosaccharide on nutrient apparent digestibility,serum biochemical indices,antioxidant capacity and intestinal microflora of dogs. Eighteen adult male teddy dogs aged 1 to 2 years with similar body weight(5.64±0.26)kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 dogs in each group. The basal diet was supplemented with 0(control group),1 g/kg(COS1 group)and 5 g/kg(COS5 group)chitooligosaccharide,respectively. The pre-trial period lasted for 15 days and the formal trial period lasted for 30 days. The results showed as follows:1)compared with control group,dietary 1 g/kg COS had no significant effects on the apparent digestibility of each nutrient(P>0.05),5 g/kg COS significantly increased the apparent digestibility of ether extract in dogs(P<0.05),but had no significant effects on the apparent digestibility of other nutrients(P>0.05). 2)Compared with control group,dietary COS supplementation significantly increased serum total antioxidant capacity(P<0.05),but had no significant effects on glutathione peroxidase,superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde content(P>0.05). 3)Compared with control group,dietary 1 g/kg COS had no significant effects on serum biochemical indexes of dogs(P>0.05),5 g/kg COS significantly increased the content of serum total protein(P<0.05),but had no significant effects on other biochemical indexes(P>0.05).4)Compared with control group,dietary COS had no significant effects on alpha diversity index(P>0.05). At phylum level,different levels of COS significantly decreased the relative abundance of intestinal Actinobacteria in dogs(P<0.05),and COS5 group was significantly lower than COS1 group(P<0.05). In addition,5 g/kg COS significantly increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes(P<0.05). At genus level,different levels of COS significantly reduced the relative abundance of dog intestinal Bacteroides and Collinsella(P<0.05),and the relative abundance of Collinsella in COS5 group was significant

关 键 词：壳寡糖 犬 抗氧化能力 血清生化指标 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S829.2[农业科学—畜牧学]