清洗工艺对GH4099蜂窝夹层结构钎焊性能的影响  

Effect of Cleaning Process on Brazing Property of GH4099 Honeycomb Sandwich Structure

作　　者：马平义 陈旭 韩兴 刘海建 石文展[1,2,3] 彭赫力 MA Ping-yi;CHEN Xu;HAN Xing;LIU Hai-jian;SHI Wen-zhan;PENG He-li(Shanghai Shenjian Precision Machinery Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201600,China;Shanghai Spaceflight Precision Machinery Institute,Shanghai 201600,China;Shanghai Engineering Technology Research Center of Near-Net Shape Forming for Metallic Materials,Shanghai 201600,China)

机构地区：[1]上海神剑精密机械科技有限公司,上海201600 [2]上海航天精密机械研究所,上海201600 [3]上海金属材料近净成形工程技术研究中心,上海201600

出　　处：《表面技术》2023年第1期372-380,393,共10页Surface Technology

基　　金：上海市优秀学术/技术带头人计划项目(21XD1433900);航天八院产学研合作基金项目(USCAST2020-3)。

摘　　要：目的研究激光清洗和离子轰击对GH4099蜂窝夹层结构钎焊性能的影响,优化GH4099蜂窝夹层结构焊前清洗工艺。方法分别用400#砂纸、不同激光功率(60~200 W)、不同离子轰击时间(1~2 h)对GH4099带材表面进行了砂纸打磨、激光清洗和离子轰击试验,分析了激光清洗和离子轰击对GH4099表面形貌、O元素含量、BNi2钎料润湿性的影响,测试了不同清洗工艺下蜂窝夹层结构钎焊接头的拉伸性能。结果随激光功率从60 W增加到100 W,GH4099表面O含量逐渐降低,表面粗糙度逐渐增大,钎料润湿面积百分比增加到83.5%,润湿性增加。当激光功率大于100W时,表面残留网状分布的氧化物,导致钎料润湿性降低。当激光功率进一步增加到200 W时,氧化物网状分布现象减轻,润湿性随之增加,粗糙度也有所降低;随离子轰击时间从1 h增加到2 h时,带材表面氧化皮逐渐去除干净,钎料润湿性随之增加,钎料对离子轰击2 h的表面的润湿面积百分比达到91.2%,与400#砂纸打磨的相当。经离子轰击2 h、1020℃-15 min钎焊获得的夹层结构等效抗拉强度为11.9 MPa。结论与激光清洗相比,离子轰击可以同时去除蜂窝型面及附近侧壁部分的氧化皮,能更有效地改善钎料对蜂窝基体的润湿性。Pre-welding cleaning process is of great importance for honeycomb sandwich structure to gain a satisfactory brazed joint.Due to the poor stiffness in plane direction of honeycomb core,the more effective cleaning method for honeycomb is non-contact cleaning,including laser cleaning and ion bombardment cleaning.The work aims to study the effects of laser cleaning and ion bombardment cleaning methods on brazing property of GH4099 honeycomb sandwich structure,and optimize the pre-welding cleaning process of honeycomb sandwich structure.The GH4099 strips were cleaned to remove oxide layers by polishing with 400-grit sandpaper,laser cleaning and ion bombardment respectively.Laser cleaning was performed on 200 W nanosecond fiber laser cleaning machine(HL200-RSP2)with the frequency of 2000 Hz,and scanning speed of 7000 mm/s,and laser power varying from 60 W to 200 W.Ion bombardment cleaning was performed on homemade surface activation/joining combined forming equipment.The cleaning time was varied from 1 h to 2 h with cleaning power of 100 W and acceleration voltage of 200 V and vacuum pressure of 1.6 Pa.Characters of morphology,roughness and O element content of the cleaned strip surface were detected by using stereo microscope(ZEISS,SteREO Discovery.V8),surface roughness measuring instrument(Mitutoyo SJ-210)and scanning electron microscope(FEI Nova 450);BNi2 brazing filler metal foil with thickness of 0.05 mm was cut into squares with size of 10 mm×10 mm,and wettabilities of BNi2 foils on cleaned surfaces with different cleaning processes were characterized by brazing wetting test.The cleaning parameters were optimized by the comparative analysis of these test results.Then honeycombs were cleaned at the optimized parameters of laser cleaning and ion bombardment respectively,and honeycomb sandwich structures were brazed.Both wetting test and brazing process were performed in the joining chamber of surface activation/joining combined forming equipment at the temperature of 1020℃for 15 min with vacuum pressure less tha

关 键 词：GH4099 蜂窝夹层结构 激光清洗 离子轰击 钎焊 

分 类 号：V261.8[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]