蒙古蒿挥发油对三种主要枸杞害虫的控制作用  

Control of Three Main Pests of Wolfberry (Lycium barbarum) by the Essential Oil of Artemisia mongolica

作　　者：刘畅[1] 刘志龙 张蓉[1] 黄文广 王芳[1] 权美蓉 LIU Chang;LIU Zhilong;ZHANG Rong;HUANG Wenguang;WANG Fang;QUAN Meirong(Institute of Plant Protection,Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,China;College of Plant Protection,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Grassland Workstation of Ningxia,Yinchuan 750002,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院植物保护研究所,银川750002 [2]中国农业大学植物保护学院,北京100193 [3]宁夏回族自治区草原工作站,银川750002

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2022年第6期1400-1409,共10页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：宁夏农林科学院对外科技合作专项(DWX-2019003);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(2021BEF02006);宁夏自然科学基金(2022AAC03435)。

摘　　要：为保障枸杞产品质量安全,采果期不受化学农药干预,本研究通过室内毒力测定和田间药效试验评价了蒙古蒿挥发油的杀虫活性。结果表明,蒙古蒿挥发油对棉蚜的LC50为7.82 mg/mL;对枸杞木虱的LD50为2.89μg/头;对西花蓟马的LC50为2.80 mg/mL,均低于对照药剂印楝素提取物,其中胡椒酮、PPG2-甲醚和桉油烯醇起主要杀虫作用。利用响应面分析,蒙古蒿挥发油制备成8.5%蒙古蒿挥发油微胶囊剂,该制剂在质量浓度6 kg/hm2条件下,药后1 d,对枸杞蚜虫、西花蓟马和枸杞木虱的防效分别为75.95%、58.81%和32.14%,高于对照0.3%印楝素乳油,杀虫效果一直持续到21d。本研究将蒙古蒿挥发油微胶囊应用于枸杞园采果期防治主要害虫,持效期长,具有进一步开发成高效植物源农药的潜力。This study evaluated the insecticidal activity of essential oil of Artemisia mongolica by indoor toxicity assays and field tests so that the essential oil can be used in control of pests of Lycium barbarum to ensure the product quality and safety of L.barbarum.The results showed that the essential oil of A.mongolica had a LC50 value of 7.82 mg/mL against aphids,a LD50 value of 2.89 μg/head against psyllids,and a LC50 value of 2.80 mg/mL against thrips,which were all lower than their counterparts of the control agent neem extract.In the essential oil,piperitone,1-(2-methoxypropoxy) propan-2-ol and 1,8-cineole are the insecticidal active components.In this study,the essential oil from A.mongolica was prepared in β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex through response surface analysis.The efficacy of this preparation against aphids,thrips and psyllids was 75.95%,58.81% and 32.14%,respectively,at 1 d after application of a mass concentration of 6 kg/hm2,which was higher than that obtained with azadirachtin 0.3% EC.And the control by the essential oil lasted for at least 3 weeks.In this study,the encapsulation of A.mongolica oil was applied during the fruit picking period of L.barbarum,which has the potential of further developing into high-efficiency botanical pesticides.

关 键 词：蒙古蒿 棉蚜 枸杞木虱 西花蓟马 微胶囊 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]