汉语把字句的事件结构分析  

An event structure analysis of the ba-construction

作　　者：崔希亮[1] 赵霞 CUI Xiliang;Lucy Xia ZHAO

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学汉语国际教育研究院,100083 [2]CB39DA Faculty of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies,University of Cambridge

出　　处：《语言教学与研究》2023年第1期49-63,共15页Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies

摘　　要：本文从事件结构的四个维度入手对把字句进行分析:事件的时间、空间、事件主体和事件类型。从时间维度上看,典型的把字句指涉一个有界事件,这个事件具有结果性。其结果性表现在把字句内部就是对NP和NP的影响,在外部表现为对事件链中其他语义角色的影响。从空间的维度看,把字句内部的两个事件主体之间必须拥有共同的关系空间。从事件主体的维度看,在“NPa把NP,十VP”中,NP。是原型致事,NPb是原型役事,它们与VP一起构成一个致使场景。已然事件和未然事件对把字句的语法限制是不一样的。文章还区分了责任事件和非责任事件,自主事件和非自主事件,把字句表达主观处置性的观点只适用于用来解释责任事件和自主事件。The current study analyzes the ba(把)-construction from the four dimensions of the event structure:time,space,event roles and event types.F rom the perspective of time,a typical ba-construction denotes a bounded event,which has consequences.The con-sequences can be found both intrasententially and in the context.Intrasententially,both NP_(a) and NP_(b) of the ba-construction can be affected by the event.The event can also have an im-pact on extrasentential entities in the event chain of which the ba-construction is an integral part.From the perspective of space,NP_(a) and NP_(b) in the ba-construction must be in a closer relational space.From the perspective of event roles,in“NP_(a)ba NP_(b)+VP”,NP is the Proto-Causer,and NP_(b) is the Proto-Causee of a causative event.The article also distingui-shes between accountable events and non-accountable events,and between autonomous e-vents and non-autonomous events.We propose that only accountable and utonomous events carry the meaning of subjective disposal in the use of the ba-construction.

关 键 词：把字句 事件结构 时间结构 空间结构 事件主体 事件类型 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]