基于改进PID的伺服电机控制优化模型构建及仿真  

Construction and Simulation of Servo Motor Control Optimization Model Based on Improved PID

作　　者：王燕 WANG Yan(Chengdu Industry And Trade College,Chengdu 611731,China)

机构地区：[1]成都工贸职业技术学院,成都611731

出　　处：《自动化与仪器仪表》2022年第11期92-96,共5页Automation & Instrumentation

基　　金：物流行业协会课题《智慧物流与智能制造两业融合背景下职业院校复合型课程开发研究》(KZW20210004)。

摘　　要：针对传统PID对伺服电机转速控制精度和稳定性较差的问题,结合传统PID无法调节参数的特点,提出基于一种基于模糊控制和灾变遗传算法改进的PID控制系统,以永磁伺服电机为研究对象进行控制系统的建模、仿真与实验。实验结果显示,灾变遗传算法在计算控制参数最优解时,搜索范围广泛、控制结果精准;基于改进的模糊PID控制能够将转速控制响应时间缩短至0.01 s,将速度超调量降低至40.2 r/min,速度超调恢复时间缩短至0.01 s,控制曲线相对波动较小,稳定性较好。由此表明,基于改进的PID控制能够明显提升伺服电机的控制精度和稳定性,满足课题设计需求。In view of the poor accuracy and stability of traditional PID speed control and the characteristics that traditional PID cannot adjust parameters, a PID control system based on fuzzy control and disaster genetic algorithm is proposed, which uses the permanent magnet servo motor for modeling, simulation and experiment. The experimental results show that the algorithm has wide search range and accurate control results when calculating the optimal solution of control parameters;improved fuzzy PID control can reduce speed control response time to 0.01 s, reduce speed overregulation to 40.2 r/min, shorten speed overregulation recovery time to 0.01 s, with relatively small control curve fluctuation and good stability. This shows that the improved PID control can significantly improve the control accuracy and stability of the servo motor and meet the design requirements.

关 键 词：模糊PID 灾变遗传算法 伺服电机 精度控制 

分 类 号：TP392[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]