浅海波导环境失配下的协方差矩阵拟合稳健匹配场声源功率估计  

Covariance matrix fitting robust matched field source power estimation under mismatched shallow water waveguide

作　　者：张少东 孙超 蒋光禹[4] 李明杨 王宣 ZHANG Shaodong;SUN Chao;JIANG Guangyu;LI Mingyang;WANG Xuan(Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Underwater Information Technology,Xi'an 710072;School of Marine Science and Technology,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072;Qingdao Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University,Qingdao 266200;Nanjing Research Institute of Electronic Technology,Nanjing 210039;College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027)

机构地区：[1]陕西省水下信息技术重点实验室,西安710072 [2]西北工业大学航海学院,西安710072 [3]西北工业大学青岛研究院,青岛266200 [4]南京电子技术研究所,南京210039 [5]浙江大学信息与电子工程学院,杭州310027

出　　处：《声学学报》2023年第1期60-69,共10页Acta Acustica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11974285)和国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(12004335)资助。

摘　　要：实际浅海波导中环境噪声为相干噪声,最小方差匹配场声源功率估计方法能在相干噪声背景下准确估计声源辐射功率,但该方法受环境不确定性影响较大;此外,由于最小方差匹配场声源功率估计方法使用信号幅度作为中间量估计声源功率,信号幅度估计误差会二次放大并传递到声源功率估计结果中。本文提出一种协方差矩阵拟合稳健最小方差匹配场声源功率估计方法,该方法引入信道传递函数不确定集,结合协方差矩阵拟合思想将声源功率估计问题建模为在信道传递函数不确定集约束下对函数取极值的问题,使用Lagrange乘子法求解该问题得到信道传递函数估计值和声源辐射功率估计值。环境失配影响声源辐射功率估计性能的根本原因在于信道传递函数偏差较大,协方差矩阵拟合稳健匹配场声源功率估计方法有效减小了环境失配时信道传递函数的偏差,从而显著提升环境失配稳健性。此外,该方法使用权值直接估计声源功率,无需使用信号幅度作为中间量,避免了估计误差的传递。仿真验证了协方差矩阵拟合稳健匹配场声源功率估计方法的环境失配稳健性。The ambient noise is the coherent noise in the actual shallow water waveguide,and the minimum variance matched field source power estimation method can accurately estimate the radiated power of the acoustic source under the background of coherent noise,but this method is greatly affected by the environmental uncertainty.In addition,the signal amplitude is used as an intermediate quantity to estimate the source power,thus the signal amplitude estimation error will be transmitted to the result of the source power estimation.In this paper,a covariance matrix fitting robust minimum variance matched field source power estimation method is proposed.The uncertain set of the acoustic transfer function is introduced in this method,and by using the covariance matrix fitting,the sound source power estimation problem is modeled as the problem of taking the extreme value of the function under the constraint of the uncertain set of the acoustic transfer function.This problem can be solved by Lagrange multiplier method to obtain the estimate of the acoustic transfer function and the source power.The fundamental reason that the environmental mismatch affects the performance of radiated power estimation of the source is the large deviation of the acoustic transfer function,and the deviation of the acoustic transfer function is effectively reduced,which improves the environmental mismatch robustness significantly.In addition,this method can directly estimate the source power without using the signal amplitude as an intermediate quantity,thus avoiding the transmission of estimation error.Simulation results demonstrate the robustness of the covariance matrix fitting robust minimum variance matched field source power estimation method.

关 键 词：功率估计 匹配场 LAGRANGE乘子法 协方差矩阵 信号幅度 传递函数 最小方差 辐射功率 

分 类 号：TB56[交通运输工程—水声工程]