汉代西南夷之“徼”与“边民”的华夷身份  

The“Jiao”of Southwest Yi and the Hua Yi Identity of the Border People in the Han Dynasty

作　　者：朱圣明[1] ZHU Sheng-ming(School of History and Cultural Heritage,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,Fujian)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学历史与文化遗产学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第1期160-172,共13页Journal of Xiamen University(A Bimonthly for Studies in Arts & Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“简牍所见秦汉赋税体系研究”(21BZS041)。

摘　　要：在汉代,“西南夷”不仅是一个族群概念,还是一个地域概念。其时存在两种与西南夷有关的“徼”:一是限定“西南夷”所在的巴蜀之徼;二是将“西南夷”分为两部分的西南夷郡徼。在此两徼作用之下,西南夷诸郡在地域上位处巴蜀与西南夷徼外之间,在华夷身份上亦是如此。生活在西南夷诸郡的边民,亦因两徼的存在,及与徼内夷杂处,拥有了与后者既相互区别而又混同为一的漂移于华、夷之间的身份特征。其为当地边民精英在身份的抉择与建构上提供了不同可能。而自武帝置西南夷诸郡以来,有意识地“华夏化”与“蛮夷化”先后在西南夷边民精英中上演。In the Han Dynasty,“Southwest Yi”was not only an ethnic group concept,but also a territorial concept.At that time there were two kinds of“Jiao”associated with the Southwest Yi.The“Jiao of Ba Shu”defined the Southwest Yi,while the“County Jiao of Southwest Yi”divided the Southwest Yi into two parts.Under the action of these two types of“Jiao”,the Southwest Yi counties lay between Ba Shu and the frontier outside the“County Jiao of Southwest Yi”,and the same holds true in terms of the Hua Yi Identity.Because of these two kinds of“Jiao”and the intermingling with the Yi inside the“County Jiao of Southwest Yi”,the border people who lived in the Southwest Yi counties had a different and mixed identity with the latter,which drifted between Hua and Yi.This provided different possibilities for the local border elites in the selection and construction of identity.After Emperor Wu established the Southwest Yi counties,“transformation into Hua Xia”and“transformation into barbarians”were successively staged among the border elites of the Southwest Yi.

关 键 词：汉代 西南夷 徼 边民 身份 

分 类 号：K234[历史地理—历史学]