不同有机废弃物提升新围涂地土壤有机碳库与生物活性的效果  

Effects of Different Organic Wastes on Enhancing Soil Organic Carbon Pool and Biological Activity in Newly Reclaimed Coastal Land

作　　者：尉吉乾 倪春霄 许思嘉 章明奎[3] WEI Jiqian;NI Chunxiao;XU Sijia;ZHANG Mingkui(Hangzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Hangzhou 310020,Zhejiang,China;Linping County Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Hangzhou 311100,Zhejiang,China;College of Environmental and Resource Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州市农业技术推广中心,杭州310020 [2]杭州市临平区农业农村局,杭州311100 [3]浙江大学环境与资源学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《农学学报》2023年第1期26-31,共6页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：杭州市财政专项项目“餐厨废弃物原料土壤调理剂的应用试验示范”(2020-2022)。

摘　　要：为了解不同来源有机废弃物在提升新围涂地土壤有机碳库和生物活性的作用,采用盆栽试验方法开展了为期30周的施用等有机碳量猪粪、鸡粪、水稻秸秆、蔬菜收获残留物、厨余垃圾堆肥、沼渣、猪粪/稻草秸秆堆肥和生活垃圾堆肥等8种有机废弃物后涂地土壤有机碳、易氧化有机碳、稳定态有机碳、水溶性有机碳、微生物生物量碳及土壤酶活性的动态观察。结果表明:施用各种有机废弃物对改善土壤性状均有明显的效果,在提升土壤有机碳库、生物活性及农田碳库管理指数方面以经过生物发酵处理的猪粪/水稻秸秆堆肥、生活垃圾堆肥、餐厨垃圾堆肥和沼渣为佳;其次为猪粪、鸡粪和水稻秸秆;蔬菜收获残留物因主要由新鲜有机物质组成,其稳定性较差,对提升土壤有机碳库和生物活性的效果较差。施用有机废弃物后,土壤碳库、土壤微生物生物量及其他土壤性状可随试验时间发生明显的变化。研究认为,从提升土壤有机碳库和生物活性考虑,在新围涂地改良中应优先施用猪粪/水稻秸秆堆肥、生活垃圾堆肥、餐厨垃圾堆肥和沼渣等有机废弃物。To understand the role of organic wastes from different sources in improving the soil organic carbon pool and biological activity of newly reclaimed coastal land,a pot experiment was carried out to observe the effects of eight kinds of organic wastes on soil organic carbon,easily oxidized organic carbon,stable organic carbon,water-soluble organic carbon,microbial biomass carbon and soil enzyme activity of a newly reclaimed coastal land,and to compare the improving effects of different types of organic wastes.The experiment included nine treatments,and they were pig manure,chicken manure,rice straw,vegetable harvest residue,kitchen waste compost,biogas residue,pig manure/rice straw compost,and domestic waste compost at equal application rate of organic carbon,and the control was without organic fertilizer.The experiment ran for 30 weeks.The results showed that the application of the organic wastes all had obvious effects on improving soil properties.The pig manure/rice straw compost,domestic waste compost,kitchen waste compost and biogas residue with biological fermentation were the best in improving soil organic carbon pool,biological activity and farmland carbon pool management index,followed by pig manure,chicken manure and rice straw.Vegetable harvest residue was mainly composed of fresh organic matter,which had poor stability and poor effect on improving soil organic carbon pool and biological activity.After the application of organic waste,the soil carbon pool,soil microbial biomass and other soil properties could change significantly with the incubation time.The study showed that the priority should be given to the application of pig manure/rice straw compost,domestic waste compost,kitchen waste compost and biogas residue for improving the soil organic carbon pool and biological activity in the newly reclaimed coastal land.

关 键 词：有机废弃物 新围涂地 土壤 有机碳库 碳库管理指数 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]