定西市中小学生近视影响因素调查分析  

Investigation and Analysis on the Influential Factors of Myopia among Primary and Secondary School Students in Dingxi city

作　　者：殷小娟[1] 赵亮亮 王宝强[1] 杜君 马文奇 YIN Xiao-juan;ZHAO Liang-liang;WANG Bao-qiang;DU Jun;MA Wen-qi(Dingxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Dingxi,Gansu,743000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]定西市疾病预防控制中心,甘肃定西743000

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2022年第12期85-89,共5页Chinese Primary Health Care

摘　　要：目的:了解甘肃省定西市中小学生近视影响因素,为定西市中小学生近视防控工作提供数据支持。方法:2020年3月17—30日在定西市随机抽取42所中小学校,在每个学校每个年级各选择一个班级,以班级内的所有学生为调查对象进行问卷调查。采用单因素分析和多因素logistic回归分析方法筛选近视的影响因素。结果:调查共纳入中小学生18649名,其中可能近视者12990人,占69.7%。分析结果显示,女生、高年级、城市、使用电子屏幕时间长、近距离用眼时间长、读写姿势没有做到“三个一”、关灯后看手机、做家庭作业时间长、父母视力不良史是中小学生近视的危险因素;做眼保健操、户外活动频次多、充足的睡眠时间(>8 h)、定期举办爱眼知识科普讲座、父母和老师经常提醒注意读写姿势、父母主动带学生检查视力是学生近视的保护因素。结论:影响定西市中小学生近视的因素较多,教育及卫生健康部门应向学校、中小学生及其家长大力普及近视相关防控知识,提高学生眼保健知识的知晓率,培养学生健康用眼习惯,对具有较多近视危险因素的学生尽早采取干预措施,以降低中小学生近视患病率。OBJECTIVE To understand the influencing factors of myopia among primary and middle school students in Dingxi,Gansu Province,and to provide data support for the prevention and control of myopia in Dingxi.METHODS From March 17,2020 to March 30,2020,42 primary and secondary schools were randomly selected in Dingxi.One class was selected for each grade of each school,and a questionnaire survey was conducted with all the students in the class.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to screen for the influencing factors of myopia.RESULTS A total of 18649 primary and middle school students were included,including 12990 students with possible myopia,accounting for 69.7%.Analysis results show that girls,senior,city,long electronic screen time,close eye time,reading and writing posture is not“three one”,bad eye habits(turn off the phone screen),long homework time,parents poor vision history myopia risk factors;eye exercises,outdoor activities frequency,adequate sleep time(>8 h),regular eye knowledge science lectures,parents and teachers often remind reading posture,parents to take the initiative to check students vision myopia protection factors.CONCLUSION More factors affecting Dingxi primary and middle school students myopia,education and health administrative department should to the school,primary and middle school students and their parents vigorously popularize knowledge of myopia prevention and control,improve the awareness of students’eye care knowledge,cultivate students’healthy eye habits,the students have more risk factors as soon as possible,in order to reduce the prevalence of primary and middle school students myopia.

关 键 词：中小学生 近视 影响因素 

分 类 号：R778.1[医药卫生—眼科]