关于上古汉语词头的性质问题  

Discussion on the Nature of the Citou(词头)in Pre-Qin Chinese

作　　者：谢元春 吴礼权[2] Xie Yuanchun;Wu Liquan(International College of Chinese Language and Culture,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,Hunan,China;Institute of Chinese Language and Literature,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学国际汉语文化学院,湖南长沙410081 [2]复旦大学中国语言文学研究所,上海200433

出　　处：《长江学术》2023年第1期121-128,共8页Yangtze River Academic

摘　　要：以往学术界有一种通行的说法,认为上古汉语的名词与动词有特定的词头,属于构词成分的性质。其实,这种说法是不准确的。从本质上说,上古汉语名词与动词的所谓词头并不是语法现象,而是修辞现象,属于“配字”修辞法的“前加式”。这种前加的成分不是构词的必要成分,在表义上并非必有不可,但在表达上则不是可有可无,而是具有一定的修辞功能:或是凑字足词,使音节和谐,使唇吻流利;或是凑字足句,使句式对称,使结构平衡。The academic statement that Citou(词头)preceding the noun or the verb in Pre-Qin Chinese belong to wordformation components was popular in academic community over the past few decades.In fact,this statement is inaccurate.Citou(词头)is a kind of rhetorical phenomenon in essence rather than a grammatical phenomenon.This rhetoric method is a kind of Peizi(配字).Citou can be used to achieve rhetoric effects,which means it is optional in semantically but can be not dispensable in expression.The functions of this rhetorical phenomenon are to enrich the word and sentence for phonetic harmony and sentence symmetry.

关 键 词：上古汉语 构词成分 语法现象 修辞现象 配字 

分 类 号：H141[语言文字—汉语]