2014-2020年乌鲁木齐市城市女性宫颈癌筛查及防治知识现状分析  

Analysis of cervical cancer screening and prevention knowledge of urban women in Urumqi,2014-2020

作　　者：刘云[1] 陈瑞[1] 王渭娜 LIU Yun;CHEN Rui;WANG Wei-na(Department of Oncology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830054,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学第一附属医院,乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2022年第6期367-371,共5页Capital Journal of Public Health

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金资助项目(编号:2019D01C326)。

摘　　要：目的分析2014-2020年新疆城市人群宫颈癌筛查结果及宫颈癌防治知识知晓率,为宫颈癌防治提供依据。方法选取2014-2020年新疆乌鲁木齐市癌症早诊早治项目中接受宫颈癌筛查的35~64岁城市妇女,采用HPV初筛结合细胞学检测分流技术检测15种HPV病毒的感染情况,并结合阴道镜检查判断是否存在癌前病变和宫颈癌患病,同时采用问卷调查宫颈癌知识知晓率并分析其相关因素。结果接受调查的共8500人,有8206人(96.54%)完成问卷,其中HPV检测阳性共493例(6.01%),HPV阳性率在不同避孕方式间比较,差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=179.31,P<0.001)。HPV阳性率前五位分别为HPV-58(0.67%)、HPV-39(0.61%)、HPV-52(0.59%)、HPV-51(0.49%)和HPV-33(0.40%)。研究共检出宫颈癌前病变24例(4.87%),宫颈癌11例(2.23%),宫颈癌及癌前病变合计检出率为426.5/10万。调查问卷正确回答7个问题及以上者合计2476人,新疆城市人群宫颈癌防治知识知晓率为30.17%,筛查结果阳性和阴性调查对象知晓率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.400,P=0.527)。年龄、避孕方式和家族肿瘤史是防治知识知晓的相关因素(P均<0.05)。结论新疆城市人群HPV阳性率、宫颈癌前病变检出率和宫颈癌早诊率较高,应进一步加强宫颈癌防治知识宣传,巩固新疆城市人群宫颈癌筛查成果。Objective To analyze the cervical cancer screening result and the awareness of cervical cancer prevention knowledge among urban population in Xinjiang from 2014 to 2020.Methods Women aged 35-64 years who underwent cervical cancer screening in the“Urban Cancer Early Diagnosis and Treatment Project in Xinjiang from 2014 to 2020”were tested for infection of 15 HPV viruses using HPV primary screening combined with cytological detection triage technique.The colposcopy was used to determine the presence of precancerous lesions and cervical cancer prevalence,while a questionnaire was applied to investigate the awareness of cervical cancer prevention knowledge among urban population,and relevant factors were analyzed.Results A total of 8500 participants were included,of which there were 8206 valid questionnaires.The HPV positive rate was 6.01%(493 cases),with statistical differences between different contraceptive method(χ^(2)=179.31,P<0.001).The top five virus with the highest positive rate were HPV-58(0.67%),HPV-39(0.61%),HPV-52(0.59%),HPV-51(0.49%),and HPV-33(0.40%).A total of 24 cases(4.87%)of cervical precancerous lesions and 11 cases(2.23%)of cervical cancer were detected in the study,with a combined detection rate of 426.5 cases in 100000 people for cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.A total of 2476 people answered 7 or more questions correctly in the questionnaire,and the awareness rate of cervical cancer prevention knowledge was 30.17%among the urban population in Xinjiang.There was no significant difference in the awareness rate of respondents with positive and negative screening result(χ^(2)=0.400,P=0.527).The age,contraceptive method and family history of cancer were relevant factors of cervical cancer awareness(P<0.05).Conclusions The HPV positive rate,cervical precancer detection rate and early diagnosis rate of cervical cancer were severe in the urban population of Xinjiang.The publicity on cervical cancer prevention should be further strengthened to consolidate the result of cervical cancer sc

关 键 词：宫颈癌 人乳头瘤病毒 筛查结果 防治知识 

分 类 号：R737.33[医药卫生—肿瘤]