《奇妙的生物》中的博物学书写  

Remarkable Creatures and Natural History Writing

作　　者：毛卫强[1] MAO Weiqiang

机构地区：[1]江苏大学外国语学院

出　　处：《国外文学》2022年第4期141-149,共9页Foreign Literatures

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金规划项目“技术哲学视域下的朱利安巴恩斯小说科学话语研究”(项目编号:19YJA752016)的阶段性成果;国家留学基金的资助(编号:202108320158)。

摘　　要：在英国维多利亚时期,博物学往往是上层社会男性的职业追求或业余爱好,社会其他各阶层,特别是中下层女性,不仅被排斥在为男性所垄断的科学话语圈之外,而且被剥夺了自我言说的权利,其博物学考古发现也常被男性科学家恣意窃占。为了取得事业上的成功,女性科学家必须克服来自阶层内外的各种偏见与障碍。通过重构19世纪上半期博物学的发展史,特别是地质考古方面的重大发现,新维多利亚小说《奇妙的生物》不仅还原了女性在科学职业中的地位和成就,而且披露了该时期科学与阶级、性别和宗教之间的复杂关系,并为女性设想了一条走出职业困境的道路。Natural history as a field of science was always regarded as a privilege belonging to men of upper-middle classes in Victorian England where people from other social strata, especially women of middle and lower classes, were not only excluded from the circle of scientific discourse dominated by men from upper-middle classes but also deprived of the right to speak for themselves, with their archeological findings unscrupulously appropriated time and again by male scientists from upper-middle classes. Women scientists had to overcome various prejudices from within and without their social stratus to become successful in their professions. By reimagining the historical achievements in natural history, especially those in the field of geo-paleontology in the first half of the 19 th-century England, the Neo-Victorian novel Remarkable Creatures manages to restore women’s position and achievements in the profession of science, reveals the complicated relationship among science, classes, gender and religion, and envisions a path for women to overcome the barriers to their professional success.

关 键 词：《奇妙的生物》 博物学 阶级 性别 宗教 

分 类 号：I561.074[文学—其他各国文学]