洞庭湖区3种野生食用真菌生境调查与鉴定  

Habitat Investigation and Identification of Three Wild Edible Fungi in Dongting Lake Area

作　　者：吴芳 冯立国 姜性坚 石跃龙 王春晖 黄晓辉 喻初权 WU Fang;FENG Liguo;JIANG Xingjian;SHI Yuelong;WANG Chunhui;HUANG Xiaohui;YU Chuquan(Hunan Edible Fungal Research Institute,Changsha 410013;Hunan Guangya Edible Fungi Co.,Ltd.,Yiyang,Hunan 413000)

机构地区：[1]湖南省食用菌研究所,长沙410013 [2]湖南省光亚食用菌有限公司,湖南益阳413000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2022年第34期27-32,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：湖南省重点研发项目“农业秸秆资源食用菌基料化高效循环利用关键技术研究与示范”(2020NK2053);湖南省农业种质资源普查保护利用项目“食药用真菌种质资源调查”(湘财农指[2021]37号)。

摘　　要：为了解和开发洞庭湖区野生真菌资源,对采自大通湖区芦苇湿地的3种野生可食用真菌进行生境调查与鉴定。调查发现,3种真菌形态各异,对生长条件与季节具有不同的适应性和温型偏好,其中HEFIW LuI子实体较小,菌盖黄褐色,多丛生,适温较广,生长周期长;HEFIW LuII子实体中等大,菌盖乳白至淡黄色,适温偏低,多发生于早春时期;HEFIW LuIII子实体中等至较大,菌盖淡黄至浅褐色,适温偏高,多发生于春末夏初时期。通过形态观察和ITS测序,鉴定3种真菌分别为硫黄鳞伞(Pholiota conissans)、田头菇(Agrocybe praecox)和浅黄皱环球盖菇(Stropharia rugosoannulata f.lutea)。To explore and understand the wild edible fungi resources in Dongting Lake area,the habitat of three wild edible fungi collected in the reedy wetland of Datonghu were investigated and identified.The survey results indicate that the three fungi have totally different morphology,and different adaptability and temperature preference for growing conditions and seasons.HEFIW LuI is small with yellow-brown cap,often multi-clustered,and also has wide temperature preference and long growth period.HEFIW LuII is mediumsized with milky white to yellowish cap,and has low temperature preference,mostly occurring in early spring.HEFIW LuIII is medium to large with pale yellow to light brown cap,and has high temperature preference,mostly occurring in late spring and early summer.According to morphological observation and ITS sequencing,the 3 species of fungi are identified as Pholiota conissans,Agrocybe praecox and Stropharia rugosoannulata f.lutea.

关 键 词：生境 鉴定 硫黄鳞伞 田头菇 浅黄皱环球盖菇 

分 类 号：Q-9[生物学]