不同运输方式和时间对虾苗死亡率的影响  

Effects of Different Transportation Modes and Time on the Mortality of Procambarus clarkii Larvae

作　　者：王宁[1] 唐建清[2] 张凤翔 郑尧[1,4] 许志强[2] 李佳佳[2] 孔繁彬 刘祝萍 廖河庭 陈家长[1,4] WANG Ning;TANG Jianqing;ZHANG Fengxiang;ZHENG Yao;XU Zhiqiang;LI Jiajia;KONG Fanbin;LIU Zhuping;LIAO Heting;CHEN Jiachang(Wuxi Fisheries College,Nanjing Agricultural University,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214081;Jiangsu Institute of Freshwater Fisheries,Nanjing 210000;Modern Agricultural Development Service Center of Xinghua City,Xinghua,Jiangsu 225700;Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214081;Xianghu Family Farm of Grain Planting in Xinghua City,Xinghua,Jiangsu 225700)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡214081 [2]江苏省淡水水产研究所,南京210000 [3]兴化市现代农业发展服务中心,江苏兴化225700 [4]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,江苏无锡214081 [5]兴化市香湖粮食种植家庭农场,江苏兴化225700

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2022年第36期152-156,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“鱼-菜综合种养关键技术与高效利用模式示范”(2020YFD0900305);财政部和农业农村部项目“国家现代农业产业技术体系资助”(CARS-46);江苏现代农业产业技术体系项目“江苏现代农业(克氏原螯虾)产业技术体系”(2021-309)。

摘　　要：实际生产过程中克氏原螯虾(又称小龙虾,Procambarus clarkii)需经过长时间运输,运输苗种成活率直接影响到养殖户的经济效益。为比较各种运输方式的死亡率,重点关注虾蟹混养“兴化模式”中定量放养抱籽虾环节,通过模拟运输实验研究不同运输方式:覆盖青苔、氧气包和不同运输时间:1、2、3 h对苗种死亡率的影响。结果表明相比带水运输,抱籽虾覆盖青苔运输1、2、3 h后死亡率分别降低30.56%、27.11%、16.00%。小规格虾苗运输过程中,使用氧气包运输较覆盖青苔运输1、2、3 h后死亡率分别降低76.99%、70.77%、72.16%。中等规格虾苗运输过程中,覆盖青苔运输较蟹苗箱运输3、6 h后死亡率分别降低13.43%、9.08%。通过该实验,养殖户可以根据需求选择合理的运输方式。In the production process,Procambarus clarkii often has to go through a long transportation process,and the survival rate of the larvae directly affects the economic benefits of farmers.In order to compare the crayfish mortality under various transportation modes,particularly the quantitative stocking of crayfish in the‘Xinghua Mode’of shrimp-crab polyculture,the effects of different transportation modes(moss-covered and oxygen bag)and different transportation time(1,2 and 3 h)on the larvae mortality were studied through simulated transportation experiments.The results showed that compared with water transportation,the mortality of crayfish larvae covered with moss for 1,2 and 3 h decreased by 30.56%,27.11%and 16.00%,respectively.In transporting small-sized crayfish larvae,the mortality of oxygen bag transport for 1,2 and 3 h was 76.99%,70.77%and 72.16%lower than that of moss-covered transport.During the transportation of medium-sized crayfish larvae,the mortality of moss-covered transport was 13.43%and 9.08%lower than that of crab-box transport after 3 and 6 h,respectively.Farmers can choose a reasonable mode of the transportation of crayfish larvae according to the demand.

关 键 词：虾蟹混养“兴化模式” 克氏原螯虾 死亡率 模拟运输 

分 类 号：S916[农业科学—水产科学]