小学生校园欺凌及其与问题行为和生活满意度的关系  

Relationships among school bullying,problem behavior and life satisfaction in primary school students

作　　者：吴正慧 赵占锋 谭咏梅 冉红琼 WU Zhenghui;ZHAO Zhanfeng;TAN Yongmei;RAN Hongqiong(Mental Health Education Center of Beibu Gulf University,Qinzhou 535011,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China;Teachers College of Guizhou University of Engineering Science,Bijie 551700,Guizhou Province,China;Business School of Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China;Sudent Affairs Department ofSouthwest University of Political Science&Law,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]北部湾大学心理健康教育中心,广西钦州535011 [2]贵州工程应用技术学院师范学院,贵州毕节551700 [3]桂林理工大学商学院,广西桂林541004 [4]西南政法大学党委学生工作部,重庆401120

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2023年第3期213-218,共6页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：广西教育科学“十四五”规划2021年度“双减”专项课题(2021ZJY1278);2021年贵州省教育科学规划课题(2021B182);2020年度广西高等教育本科教学改革工程项目(2020JGB281);2020年广西高校大学生思想政治教育理论与实践研究课题(2020SZ122)。

摘　　要：目的:调查小学生校园欺凌的现状,探究校园欺凌不同角色与问题行为和生活满意度的关系。方法:选取重庆市7所小学1317名中高年级学生(4~6年级),采用Olweus儿童欺负/受欺负问卷(OBVQ)评估校园欺凌中的角色,长处和困难问卷(学生版)(SDQ)和生活满意度量表(SWLS)评估问题行为和生活满意度。结果:48.97%的学生卷入欺凌,其中欺凌者占1.82%,受欺凌者占35.16%,欺凌-受欺凌者占12.00%。欺凌-受欺凌者和欺凌者的问题行为得分最高,受欺凌者次之,未卷入者最低;校园欺凌卷入者的SWLS得分低于未卷入者。最优尺度回归分析显示,校园欺凌与内化问题行为和外化问题行为正向关联(β=0.19、0.16;均P<0.001),与生活满意度负向关联(β=-0.14,P<0.001)。结论:校园欺凌不同角色在问题行为和生活满意度上存在差异,卷入校园欺凌对小学生的心理健康发展有明显的消极影响。Objective:To explore school bullying among primary school students,and to analyze the relation-ship among different bullying roles,problem behavior and life satisfaction.Methods:A total of 1317 students from grade 4-6 in 7 primary schools of Chongqing were selected and were assessed with the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire(OBVQ),Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires(Student Edition)(SDQ)and Satisfaction with Life Scale(SWLS)to evaluate the role of school bullying,problem behavior and life satisfaction respectively.Results:Totally 48.97%of the students were involved in school bullying,including 1.82%of the bul-lies,35.16%of the victims,and 12.00%of the bully-victims.Bully-victims and bullies had the highest scores of problem behavior,followed by victims and the lowest for those uninvolved.Accordingly,the SWLS scores were sig-nificantly lower in those involved in bullying than in those uninvolved.Optimal scale regression analysis showed that school bullying was positively associated with internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors(β=0.19,0.16;Ps<0.001)and negatively associated with life satisfaction(β=-0.14,P<0.001).Conclusion:There are significant differences in problem behavior and life satisfaction among primary school students with different bull-ying roles.Being involved in school bullying has a significant negative impact on the mental health development in primary school students.

关 键 词：小学生 校园欺凌 角色 问题行为 生活满意度 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]