102型钩缓装置重载适应性研究  

Research on the Heavy Haul Adaptability of 102-Type Coupler and Buffer Systems

作　　者：钱铭 张启平 黄成荣 张志超 QIAN Ming;ZHANG Qiping;HUANG Chengrong;ZHANG Zhichao(China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100844,China;Locomotive and Car Department,China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100844,China;Locomotive and Car Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国国家铁路集团有限公司,北京100844 [2]中国国家铁路集团有限公司机辆部,北京100844 [3]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司机车车辆研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2023年第1期1-12,共12页China Railway Science

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(J2022J002,N2022J028,K2021J008)。

摘　　要：在分析重载机车102型钩缓装置结构特点的基础上,明确其受拉状态下最大自由转角大于受压状态的特点;通过唐包线重载列车实车试验数据,评价102型钩缓装置在双机重联牵引运用环境下区间运行和侧向通过12号道岔工况下的重载适应性,分析车钩最大自由转角和机车二系悬挂横向刚度对重载机车安全性的影响;采用加权离散方法,建立可模拟车钩钩肩止挡和缓冲器偏压特性的102型钩缓装置动力学子模型,基于此搭建机车位于双机重联位和中部从控位的列车动力学模型并进行验证,仿真分析102型钩缓装置在组合编组运用环境下的重载适应性。结果表明:102型钩缓装置能够适应双机重联牵引单元万吨列车的安全运用要求,在侧向通过道岔时具有较好的线路曲线方向跟随性;机车二系悬挂刚度、车钩最大受压自由转角对机车运行安全性具有明显影响;在满足现场车钩连挂需求的前提下合理控制车钩最大受压自由转角,102型钩缓装置能够适应双机组合牵引2万t列车的安全运用要求。Based on analyzing the structural characteristics of the 102-Type coupler and buffer systems of heavy haul locomotives,one of the features is clarified that its maximum free rotation angle under tensile force is greater than that under compression force.Based on the real train test data of heavy haul trains on Tang-Bao Railway line,the heavy haul adaptability of the 102-Type coupler and buffer systems under the operation environment of double-heading operation traction running within intervals and under the working condition of lateral passing through the No.12 turnout is evaluated.The influences of the coupler’s maximum free rotation angle and the secondary suspension lateral stiffness of the locomotive on running safety of the heavy haul locomotive are studied.The dynamic submodel for the 102-Type coupler and buffer systems is built to simulate the coupler shoulder stop blocking and the bias pressure characteristics of the buffer through the weighted discrete method.The train dynamic models at the positions of double-heading operation and middle-point marshalling are established and validated;and simulation analysis is carried out to analyze the heavy haul adaptability of the 102-Type coupler and buffer systems under the operation environment of combined marshalling.The results indicate that the 102-Type coupler and buffer systems can adapt to the operation safety requirements for the double-heading operation unit of 10,000 t trains,and have good following performance on the route curve direction in lateral passing of turnout.The locomotive’s secondary suspension stiffness and the coupler’s maximum free rotation angle under compression have obvious influences on running safety of the locomotive.And the 102-Type coupler and buffer systems can adapt to the operation safety requirements for double locomotive traction of 20,000 t trains through reasonable control of the train’s maximum free rotation angle under compression on the premise of satisfying the demands of on-site coupler coupling.

关 键 词：102型钩缓装置 重载机车 车钩最大自由转角 重载适应性 编组方式 

分 类 号：U260.34[机械工程—车辆工程] U239.4[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]