基于轴箱垂向振动加速度的波磨谷深值估算方法及应用  

Estimation Method and Application of Depth of Rail Corrugation Based on Vertical Vibration Acceleration of Axle Box

作　　者：牛留斌 祖宏林 徐晓迪 王韫璐 NIU Liubin;ZU Honglin;XU Xiaodi;WANG Yunlu(Infrastructure Inspection Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Locomotive and Rolling Stock Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司基础设施检测研究所,北京100081 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司机车车辆研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2023年第1期25-38,共14页China Railway Science

基　　金：中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司院基金课题(2021YJ256)。

摘　　要：针对利用轴箱垂向振动加速度虽可定性、但不可定量评价波磨的问题,结合中国以波磨谷深值作为波磨整治依据的现状,基于中国高铁线路和典型服役车辆参数建立轮轨动力学模型,并采用实测轴箱垂向振动加速度数据进行验证;定义波磨谷深值与波长比值为轨面变化率ξ,统计轴箱垂向振动加速度上包络线累积概率99.73百分位数作为波磨状态表征量A,采用非线性最小二乘法和有理式方程,拟合300 km·h^(-1)速度下40~180 mm波长波磨激励下A与ξ关系式;推导基于高速综合检测列车轴箱垂向振动加速度的谷深值估算式,并在高铁线路上应用谷深估算值评价波磨状态。结果表明:基于实测轴箱垂向加速度得到的谷深估算值与谷深实测值相关系数为0.95,两者均方误差为0.016 mm;采用谷深估算值进行波磨整治决策时的误判率约为9.73%;应用基于高速综合检测列车轴箱垂向振动加速度估算的谷深值既能定性、又能定量地评价波磨状态,还能为波磨整治决策提供技术手段。In view of the problem that the vertical vibration acceleration of axle box can be qualitative but not quantitative when evaluating the state of corrugation,and in combination with the current situation in China that the depth of rail corrugation is taken as the basis for the treatment solution against rail corrugation,a wheel-rail dynamic model is established based on the parameters of Chinese high-speed railway lines and typical vehicles in service.The model is verified by the measured data of vertical vibration acceleration of the axle box.The ratio of rail corrugation depth to wavelength is defined as the change rate of rail surfaceξ,and the cumulative probability of the upper envelope curve of the vertical vibration acceleration of the axle box is 99.73 percentile the state characterization quantity of corrugation A.Nonlinear least square method and rational equation are used to fit the relational equation of A andξunder the rail corrugation excitation of 40-180 mm wavelength at the speed of 300 km·h^(-1).The estimating equation for the depth of rail corrugation based on the vertical vibration acceleration of the comprehensive inspection train axle box is derived,and the estimate of corrugation depth is applied to evaluate the state of rail corrugation on high-speed railway lines.The results show that the correlation coefficient between the estimated depth and the measured depth of rail corrugation is 0.95,according to the measured vertical vibration acceleration of axle box;and the mean square error of the two is 0.016 mm.The misjudgment rate when using the estimated depth for the treatment solution against rail corrugation is about 9.73%.The estimation method of the depth of rail corrugation based on the vertical vibration acceleration of the comprehensive inspection train axle box can both qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the rail corrugation state,and can provide technical means for the treatment solution against rail corrugation.

关 键 词：钢轨波磨 轨道管理 轴箱垂向振动加速度 打磨策略 曲线拟合 

分 类 号：U270.33[机械工程—车辆工程]