库尔勒香梨突萼、脱萼及宿萼果实品质与香气的比较  

Comparison of Fruit Quality and Aroma among Calyx Convex,Calyx Shedding and Calyx Existence Fruits of Korla Fragrant Pear

作　　者：张亚若 王龙[1,2] 童盼盼 王迪 刘园[3,4] 张红艳 徐娟[3,4] 吴翠云[1,2,5] 王江波[1,2,5] ZHANG Yaruo;WANG Long;TONG Panpan;WANG Di;LIU Yuan;ZHANG Hongyan;XU Juan;WU Cuiyun;WANG Jiangbo(College of Plant Science,Tarim University,Alar Xinjiang 843300,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Quality Cultivation and Deep Processing Technology of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang,Tarim University,Alar Xinjiang 843300,China;Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology,Ministry of Education,Wuhan 430070,China;School of Horticulture and Forestry,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Key Laboratory for Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Alar Xinjiang 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木大学南疆特色果树高效优质栽培与深加工技术国家地方联合工程实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]园艺植物生物学教育部重点实验室,武汉430070 [4]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,武汉430070 [5]新疆生产建设兵团塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2023年第2期272-281,共10页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：兵团南疆重点产业支撑计划(2017DB006-2)。

摘　　要：为研究库尔勒香梨突萼、脱萼、宿萼3种类型果实的品质差异,对其单果质量、可食率等12种果实品质指标、矿质元素及香气成分含量进行测定。结果显示:突萼果的单果质量及果皮花青素含量显著优于脱萼果与宿萼果;脱萼果的石细胞含量显著低于突萼果与宿萼果,且可溶性固形物含量与可溶性糖含量均优于其他两种类型的果实;宿萼果的可食率及果皮叶绿素含量显著高于突萼果与脱萼果。突萼果N元素含量显著高于脱萼果与宿萼果,脱萼果的Ca、Mg、Zn元素含量显著高于突萼果与宿萼果、P元素含量显著低于突萼果与宿萼果。从库尔勒香梨中检测到39种香气成分,以醛类最高,香气物质总含量排序为脱萼果>突萼果>宿萼果,且脱萼果中香梨的主要特征香气成分含量也显著高于突萼果与宿萼果;突萼果和脱萼果果实香气成分中以(E)-2-己烯醛含量最高,宿萼果果实中含量最高的主要香气成分为正己醛。To study the quality differences of the three types of fruit of Korla fragrant pears:calyx convex,calyx shedding and calyx existence,in this experiment,the quality of its single fruit,edible rate and other 12 fruit quality indicators,mineral elements and aroma components were measured.The results showed that the quality of single fruit and the content of anthocyanin in the pericarp of calyx convex fruit were significantly better than those of calyx shedding fruit and calyx existence fruits;the content of stone cells in calyx shedding fruit was significantly lower than that of calyx convex and calyx existence fruits,and the soluble solid content and soluble sugar content were better than those of the other two types of fruit;the edible rate of calyx existence fruit and the chlorophyll content of the pericarp were significantly higher than that of the calyx convex and calyx shedding fruits.The content of nitrogen in the calyx convex fruit was significantly higher than that of the calyx shedding fruit and calyx existence fruits,the content of calcium,magnesium and zinc in the calyx shedding fruit was significantly higher than that of the calyx convex and calyx existence fruits,and the phosphorus content of the calyx shedding fruit was significantly lower than that of the calyx convex and calyx existence fruits.39 aroma components were detected in Korla fragrant pears,among them,the content of aldehydes was the highest,and the total content of aroma substances was in the order of calyx shedding fruit>calyx convex fruit>calyx existence fruit,and the main characteristic aroma components of fragrant pear in calyx shedding fruit were also significantly higher than calyx convex and calyx existence fruits;the content of(E)-2-Hexenal was the highest in the aroma components of the fruit of the calyx convex and calyx shedding fruits,the main aroma component with the highest content in the calyx existence fruit was Hexanal.

关 键 词：库尔勒香梨 香气 突萼果 脱萼果 宿萼果 果实品质 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]