通感隐喻视域下味觉类热词的语义映射和语用机制  

Semantic Mappings and Pragmatic Mechanisms on Taste Buzzwords from the Perspective of Synaesthesia Metaphor Theory

作　　者：王子玉 Wang Ziyu(Chinese Language and Literature Institute,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830054,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学中国语言文学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830017

出　　处：《湘南学院学报》2022年第6期88-93,共6页Journal of Xiangnan University

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区研究生科研创新项目(XJ2022G204)。

摘　　要：通感是一种特殊的隐喻模式,通常从较低级的具体感官域逐渐向较高级的抽象感官域发散。味觉类热词“柠檬、糖、盐”以[+味酸][+味甘][+味咸]为核心语义特征,是基于不同感官体验之间的相似性,经由通感隐喻途径促成的“旧词新用”现象,其跨域映射的目标域包括视觉域、听觉域、触觉域及心理情感域。在语义层面上,味觉类热词在跨域映射时会消减掉本义之中具体的、物质属性的语义特征,进而凸显出抽象的、感官属性的语义特征并结合具体语境,衍生出一些新义项。语用层面上,这些热词具备语言模因的属性,其使用和传播遵守了礼貌原则与会话合作原则,在彰显语言幽默的同时也体现出语言的经济性。Synaesthesia is a special metaphorical model, which usually diverges from the lower specific sensory domain to the higher abstract sensory domain. Take [+sour] [+sweet] [+salty] as its core semantic feature, the taste buzzwords “lemon, sugar and salt” showing the way of “new use of old words” through the synaesthesia metaphor, based on the similarities among the different sensory domains, which target domains of cross domain mapping including visual domain, auditory domain, tactile domain and psychological emotional domain. By analyzing specific examples, we can find that: From the semantic perspective, when mapping across domains, the taste buzzwords will eliminate the specific and material semantic features in the original meaning, and then highlight the abstract and sensory semantic features. Then, some new meanings will be derived according to the needs of the specific context. From the pragmatic perspective, these words have the attribute of language meme, and their usages and dissemination comply with the politeness principle and the conversational cooperation principle. What’ s more,it shows the economical principle of language while demonstrating linguistic humor.

关 键 词：味觉词 通感隐喻 映射 语义 语用机制 

分 类 号：H136[语言文字—汉语]