某城区采暖期和非采暖期居室内PM_(2.5)污染特征及影响因素分析  

Comparative study on indoor PM_(2.5) pollution characteristics and influencing factors in an urban area during heating and non-heating period

作　　者：李琰 李普[2] 郑艳妮 樊琳 王先良[3] 李昕蓉 冯亚莉 王金玉[4] 李盛 LI Yan;LI Pu;ZHENG Yan-ni;FAN Lin;WANG Xian-liang;LI Xin-rong;FENG Ya-li;WANG Jin-yu;LI Sheng(The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou,Lanzhou,Gansu 730050,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]兰州市第一人民医院,兰州730050 [2]甘肃省白银市第二人民医院,甘肃白银730900 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所,北京100021 [4]兰州大学基础医学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2022年第5期1-4,共4页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21976169);甘肃省科技计划资助(20CX9FA134);兰州市人才创新创业项目(2020-RC-42)。

摘　　要：目的 分析甘肃省兰州市某城区采暖期和非采暖期居民住宅室内PM_(2.5)的污染特征,探讨采暖期和非采暖期居室内PM_(2.5)的影响因素。方法 2018年8月-2019年3月,选取兰州市某城区住宅27户,监测其采暖期和非采暖期室内PM_(2.5)浓度,并对居室特征开展问卷调查以获取相关数据,利用Mann-Whitney U检验对不同居室特征下室内PM_(2.5)浓度进行单因素分析,用逐步多元线性回归模型进行多因素分析探讨室内PM_(2.5)浓度的可能影响因素。结果 某城区居民住宅采暖期和非采暖期室内PM_(2.5)浓度分别为223.4(136.8~317.2)μg/m^(3)和99.6(62.1~144.8)μg/m^(3),且采暖期和非采暖期室内PM_(2.5)浓度差异有统计学意义(U=107.000,P<0.05)。单因素分析结果显示,采暖期房屋年限(U=44.000)、居住楼层(U=38.000)和室内是否使用空调(U=31.000),室内PM_(2.5)浓度差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);多因素分析结果显示,房屋年限、是否使用中央空调是采暖期室内PM_(2.5)浓度的影响因素,而居住楼层、是否使用中央空调是非采暖期室内PM_(2.5)浓度的影响因素。结论 甘肃省兰州市某城区居民住宅采暖期室内PM_(2.5)污染较严重,房屋年限、居住楼层和使用中央空调可能是影响室内PM_(2.5)浓度的因素。Objective To analyze the characteristics of indoor PM_(2.5)pollution and explore the influencing factors during the heating and non-heating period, in an urban area of Lanzhou city, Gansu province. Methods There were 27 residential households selected for monitoring the concentration of indoor PM_(2.5)during the heating and non-heating period and obtaining relevant data on the characteristics of habitable rooms with questionnaire survey in an urban area of Lanzhou city from August 2018 to March 2019. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to conduct a single-factor analysis of indoor PM_(2.5)concentration under different house characteristics, and the stepped-multiple linear regression model was used to conduct a multi-factor analysis to explore the possible influencing factors of indoor PM_(2.5)concentration. Results The concentration of indoor PM_(2.5)was 223.4(136.8-317.2) μg/m^(3) and 99.6(62.1-144.8) μg/m^(3)during the heating and non-heating period,respectively, and the difference between the indoor PM_(2.5)concentration in the heating and non-heating period was statistically significant(U=107.000, P<0.05). The results of the single-factor analysis showed that house age(U=44.000), floors(U=38.000) and the usage of indoor air conditioning(U=31.000) had statistical significance(P<0.05) on indoor PM_(2.5)concentration during the heating period. The results of the multi-factor analysis showed that the concentration of indoor PM_(2.5)was affected by house age and the usage of indoor air conditioning during the heating period while the concentration of indoor PM_(2.5)was affected by floor and the usage of indoor air conditioning during the non-heating period. Conclusions The indoor PM_(2.5)pollution of residential buildings in an urban area of Lanzhou city, Gansu province was serious during the heating period. House age, the floors and the usage of central air conditioning may be the factors affecting the concentration of indoor PM_(2.5).

关 键 词：居民住宅 室内空气 PM_(2.5) 

分 类 号：R126.6[医药卫生—环境卫生学]