野外土壤增温对胡桃楸幼苗生长和生理特性的影响  

Effects of field soil warming on the growth and physiology of Juglans mandshurica seedlings

作　　者：于鑫磊 苑俊风 刘冬伟[2,3,4,6] 陈金辉 闫巧玲[1,2,3,4,6] YU Xin-lei;YUAN Jun-feng;LIU Dong-wei;CHEN Jin-hui;YAN Qiao-ling(School of Life Sciences,Liaoning University,Shenyang 110036,China;Qingyuan Forest CERN,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China;Qingyuan Forest,National Observation and Research Station,Liaoning Province,Shenyang 110016,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management,Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Neutrality,Shengyang 110016,China;School of Public Policy and Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;High-Tech Research and Development Center,Ministry of Science and Technology,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学生命科学院,沈阳110036 [2]中国科学院清原森林生态系统观测研究站,沈阳110016 [3]辽宁清原森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,沈阳110016 [4]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,中国科学院森林生态与管理重点实验室,沈阳110016 [5]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [6]辽宁省陆地生态系统碳中和重点实验室,沈阳110016 [7]清华大学公共管理学院,北京100084 [8]科学技术部高技术研究发展中心,北京100044

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2023年第1期11-17,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFA0608100)资助。

摘　　要：全球气候变化将增加地表土壤温度,从而影响植物幼苗生长和种群动态。本研究以温带地带性顶极植被———阔叶红松林的优势树种胡桃楸为对象,研究野外土壤增温2℃对1年生和2年生胡桃楸幼苗生长与生理特性的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,土壤增温使1年生胡桃楸幼苗的基径、根长、总叶面积、叶干重、根干重、总生物量、表观光合电子传递速率(ETR)、PSⅡ实际光化学效率(Φ_(PSⅡ))和表观光合电光化学淬灭系数(q_(P))分别显著增加18.3%、66.7%、94.4%、105.9%、95.8%、37.8%、89.5%、100.0%和71.4%;土壤增温使2年生幼苗的基径、总叶面积、叶干重、总生物量、叶片超氧化物歧化酶活性、过氧化物酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性和游离脯氨酸含量、ETR、Φ_(PSⅡ)和q_(P)分别显著增加12.5%、180.5%、97.3%、42.5%、23.9%、20.4%、14.9%、20.7%、66.7%、283.3%和284.6%。苗龄和增温对幼苗的根冠比以及叶绿素荧光参数中的Φ_(PSⅡ)、q_(P)存在交互作用,表现为土壤增温显著降低了2年生幼苗的根冠比,2年生幼苗叶绿素荧光参数的增幅(4.1~4.6倍)远高于1年生幼苗(1.5~1.8倍)。野外土壤增温2℃有利于1年生和2年生胡桃楸幼苗生长,提高胡桃楸幼苗的更新潜力,尤其是2年生胡桃楸幼苗通过大幅增大叶面积、提高叶片光化学效率和提升体内的保护酶活性产生抗逆性来应对土壤增温。Global climate change will increase surface soil temperature,with consequences on plant seedling growth and population dynamics.In this study,we carried out a field experiment to investigate the effects of 2℃soil warming on the growth and physiological characteristics of 1-and 2-year-old seedlings of a dominant tree species in broadleaved Korean pine forest,Juglans mandshurica.The results showed that soil warming significantly increased basal diameter,root length,total leaf area,leaf dry weight,root dry weight,total biomass,apparent photosynthetic electron transfer rate(ETR),PSⅡactual photochemical efficiency(Φ_(PSⅡ)),and apparent photosynthetic electrophotochemical quenching coefficient(q_(P))of 1-year-old seedlings by 18.3%,66.7%,94.4%,105.9%,95.8%,37.8%,89.5%,100.0%,and 71.4%,respectively.Soil warming significantly increased basal diameter,total leaf area,leaf dry weight,total biomass,leaf superoxide dismutase activity,peroxidase activity,catalase activity and free proline content,ETR,Φ_(PSⅡ),and q_(P) of 2-year-old seedlings by 12.5%,180.5%,97.3%,42.5%,23.9%,20.4%,14.9%,20.7%,66.7%,283.3%and 284.6%,respectively.There was an interaction between seedling age and soil warming on the root-shoot ratio and theΦ_(PSⅡ)and q_(P) in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,in that soil warming significantly reduced the root-shoot ratio of 2-year-old seedlings and that the increase of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of 2-year-old seedlings(4.1-4.6 times)was much higher than that of 1-year-old seedlings(1.5-1.8 times).Soil warming of 2℃was beneficial to the growth of 1-and 2-year-old J.mandshurica seedlings and increased their regeneration potential.In particular,2-year-old J.mandshurica seedlings responded to soil warming by increasing leaf area,improving leaf photochemical efficiency,and enhancing protective enzyme activity to increase resistance.

关 键 词：生物量 叶面积指数 抗氧化物质 叶绿素荧光参数 

分 类 号：S792.132[农业科学—林木遗传育种]