盐碱胁迫对3种柳枝稷生长性状、叶片性状及叶绿素荧光特性的影响  

Effects of saline alkali stress on growth traits, leaf traits and chlorophyll fluorescence of three switchgrass species

作　　者：刘建 齐宝林[1] 于洪柱[1] 王多伽[1] 高阳[1] LIU Jian;QI Baoli;YU Hongzhu;WANG Duojia;GAO Yang(Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science,Changchun 130033,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院,长春130033

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2023年第1期85-91,共7页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“北方油莎豆产业化关键技术研究与示范”(2019YFD1002603);吉林省科技发展计划项目“盐碱退化羊草草甸生态修复技术研究与示范”(20200403017SF);吉林省农业科学院创新工程项目“抗寒、耐盐碱野生花草种质资源收集与鉴定评价”(C12044302)。

摘　　要：为了解3种柳枝稷(Panicum virgatum)的耐盐碱性,试验选择Cave-in-Rock、Forestberg和Pathfinder 3种柳枝稷品种,盆栽条件下移栽至不同程度盐碱土,即轻度盐碱土(pH值为7.72)、中度盐碱土(pH值为8.37)及非盐碱土[空白对照(CK),pH值为7.42],于移栽后第21天测定叶长度、叶宽度、叶面积、叶片重量、比叶面积,于生长季末测定株高、分孽数、根长、地上和地下生物量,于移栽21 d后选择晴天的09:00-11:00测定叶片叶绿素荧光参数[光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、光化学淬灭系数(qP)、非光化学淬灭系数(NPQ)、PSⅡ潜在活性(Fv/Fo)],通过主成分分析及模糊数学隶属函数法对柳枝稷幼苗期生长性状、叶片性状及叶绿素荧光参数进行综合分析来评价3种柳枝稷耐盐碱性。结果表明:除Forestberg的地下生物量和Cave-in-Rock的株高中度盐碱胁迫略高于轻度盐碱胁迫外(P>0.05),其他指标均表现为轻度盐碱胁迫高于中度盐碱胁迫(P>0.05)。柳枝稷地上生物量、分蘖数、叶长度、叶面积、叶片重量和比叶面积随着盐碱胁迫程度增大呈下降趋势。Forestberg和Pathfinder的根长表现为先降低后升高,在中度盐碱胁迫时最长;Forestberg和Pathfinder叶片的NPQ随盐碱胁迫程度增加呈先上升后下降趋势。主成分分析及模糊数学隶属函数法综合分析3种柳枝稷耐盐碱性,Forestberg的耐盐碱性优于其他两种柳枝稷品种。说明Forestberg可作为吉林省中西部地区退化草场中度退化草地修复推广牧草品种。In order to understand the saline-alkali tolerance of three species of switchgrass(Panicum virgatum), three switchgrass species(Cave in Rock, Forestberg and Pathfinder) were selected and transplanted from potting conditions to different degrees of saline-alkali soil, namely, light saline-alkali soil(pH value 7.72), medium saline-alkali soil(pH value 8.37) and non-saline-alkali soil(blank control [CK], pH value 7.42). Leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, leaf weight, and specific leaf area were measured on the 21st day after transplanting. Plant height, number of saplings, root length, above-and below-ground biomass were measured at the end of the growing season. Leaf chlorophyll fluorescence parameters(photosystm Ⅱ[PS Ⅱ]maximum photochemical efficiency [Fv/Fm], photochemical quenching [qP], non photochemical quenching [NPQ], potential activity of PSⅡ [Fv/Fo]) were measured from 09:00 to 11:00 on a sunny day on the 21st day after transplanting. The growth traits, leaf traits and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of switchgrass seedlings were comprehensively analyzed by principal component analysis and fuzzy mathematics membership function method to evaluate the saline-alkali tolerance of the three switchgrass species. The results showed that except the underground biomass of Forestberg and the plant height of Cave-in-Rock in the medium saline-alkali stress were slightly higher than those in the light saline-alkali stress(P>0.05), other indexes in the light saline-alkali stress were higher than those in the medium saline-alkali stress(P>0.05). The aboveground biomass, tiller number, leaf length, leaf area, leaf weight and specific leaf area of switchgrass decreased with the increase of saline-alkali stress. The root length of Forestberg and Pathfinder decreased first and then increased, and was the highest in the medium saline-alkali stress. NPQ of Forestberg and Pathfinder leaves showed an increasing and then decreasing trend with increasing saline-alkali stress. Principal component analysis and fuzzy mathe

关 键 词：柳枝稷 盐碱胁迫 叶绿素荧光参数 模糊数学隶属函数分析 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S184[农业科学—农业基础科学] S812