飞机灭火管路喷射压力试验研究  

Experimental study on discharge pressure of aircraft fire extinguishing pipelines

作　　者：袁昌宇 陆松 马伟通 张和平 Yuan Changyu;Lu Song;Ma Weitong;Zhang Heping(State Key Laboratory of Fire Science,University of Sci-ence and Technology of China,Anhui Hefei 230022,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,安徽合肥230022

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2023年第1期23-29,共7页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51974284);工信部民用飞机科研专项(DD2320009001);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(WK2320000046,WK2320000049)。

摘　　要：通过固定式管路灭火剂喷射试验装置获取不同喷射压力下氮气-灭火剂双组分瞬态两相流的温度和压力变化,使用温度和压力数据对Halon 1301灭火剂的喷射过程、压力行为和热力性质进行分析。灭火剂喷射过程中依据时间顺序,依次发生下述压力行为。A:流动前缘运动至喷嘴处;B-C:介稳态灭火剂发生氮气脱气、成核现象;D:Halon 1301与氮气混合物从喷嘴喷出;E:液相Halon 1301从灭火瓶内排空;F:气相Halon 1301与氮气混合物运动至喷嘴;G:喷嘴处混合物的流动状态达到临界流。除氮气脱气成核外,喷射压力对压力行为的无量纲压力和喷嘴处的热力性质影响较小。发生A、D、E、F压力行为的无量纲压力pi∕p0与填充压力p0无关,仅与试验条件有关。持液喷射阶段喷嘴处Halon 1301的密度在1 660~1 800 kg/m3范围内波动,而过热度保持在-18~-23℃,灭火剂在喷嘴处雾化是基于韦伯数主导的射流破碎机理。喷射压力主要影响压力行为的发生时间,两者存在指数变化规律,提高喷射压力能有效缩短喷射时间。The temperature and pressure changes of nitrogenfire extinguishing agent two-phase transient flow under different discharge pressures were obtained by setting up a fixed pipeline agent discharge and flow experimental device. The spraying process, pressure behavior, and thermal properties of Halon1301 were analyzed. In the agent discharge process, the following pressure behaviors occur in sequence A: The flow front moves to the nozzle. B-C: The phenomenon of nitrogen degassing and nucleation occurs in the metastable extinguishing agent. D: Halon 1301 is sprayed from the nozzle with a mixture of nitrogen. E: Liquid Halon 1301 is drained from the fire extinguisher. F: Gas phase Halon 1301 moves with nitrogen mixture to the nozzle. G: The flow state of the mixture at the nozzle reaches critical flow. The discharge pressure has little effect on the dimensionless pressure of pressure behavior and thermal properties in the nozzle except for nitrogen degassing and nucleation. In the liquid holdup phase, the A, D, E, and F pressure behavior’s dimensionless pressure are not related to the discharge pressure but only to the experimental conditions. The density of Halon 1301 at the nozzle fluctuates between 1 660 kg/m3and1 800 kg/m3, while the superheat remains between-18 ℃ and-23 ℃. Discharge pressure mainly affects the occurrence time of pressure behavior, and there is an exponential change law between them. Therefore, increasing discharge pressure can effectively shorten the discharge time.

关 键 词：飞机灭火 瞬态两相流 Halon 1301 喷射压力 压力行为 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] S776.29[农业科学—森林工程]