社会创业活动驱动机制研究——一个模糊集定性比较分析  

The Driving Mechanisms of Social Entrepreneurship:A Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis

作　　者：张坤 张秀娥[2] Zhang Kun;Zhang Xiu'e(School of Business Administration,Nanjing University of Finance and Economics,Nanjing 210023,China;School of Business and Management,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]南京财经大学工商管理学院,江苏南京210023 [2]吉林大学商学与管理学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《科技进步与对策》2023年第3期1-9,共9页Science & Technology Progress and Policy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(20BGL059);江苏高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目(2021SJA0292);江苏省“双创博士”项目(JSSCBS20210442);辽宁省教育厅科学研究经费项目(JW-1907)。

摘　　要：利用fsQCA方法,以22个经济体为样本分析个体、制度环境以及文化层面的5个条件联动匹配对社会创业活跃度的影响。结果表明:第一,机会感知、失败恐惧感、制度环境以及人文导向文化维度无法单独构成高或者非高社会创业活跃度的必要条件。第二,高社会创业活跃度路径有3种:高人文导向下的环境—能力型、低人文导向下的环境拉动型与环境推拉型。第三,非高社会创业活跃度产生路径有两种:低人文导向及拉动型制度环境缺失条件下,与其它要素联动匹配;高人文导向文化、低机会感知以及低失败恐惧感条件下,与不同类型制度环境联动匹配。第四,社会创业活跃度影响路径具有非对称性。Social entrepreneurship challenges the balance between social value and economic performance,and it is the unique way to solve social problems efficiently and achieve sustainable development.In particular,at a critical stage when China has entered the new economic norm and people’s demand for a better life is increasingly urgent,social entrepreneurship has become an essential force for realizing common prosperity and achieving high-quality development.Such entrepreneurial activities are closely related to major realities such as poverty eradication,environmental protection,and rural revitalization.Currently,the idea of creating social value by market means has been favored by many scholars,and social enterprises are emerging in more and more economies.But according to the global entrepreneurship monitor(GEM),the prevalence of social entrepreneurship varies widely across economies.So why is social entrepreneurial activity prevalent in some economies and dormant in others,and what are the pathways that drive social entrepreneurship?This study constructs an analytical model containing multi-level elements to explore the driving mechanisms of social entrepreneurial activities based on the GEM framework.Referring to both psychological and human capital aspects,it selects two individual indicator for this model:perception of opportunity and fear of failure.At the institutional level,this study combines the perspectives of institutional voids and institutional support,and classifies the institutional environment into“pulled”and“pushing”institutional environment to comprehensively analyze its impact on potential social entrepreneurs.It should not be ignored that the prevalence of social entrepreneurship in different cultural contexts also shows significant differences,and the driving factors at the cultural level also need to be analyzed.At the cultural level,the study focuses on exploring the role of the humane orientation.By considering the complexity of social entrepreneurship,the fuzzy set qualitative compa

关 键 词：社会创业 制度环境 人文导向 

分 类 号：F272.2[经济管理—企业管理]