云南元谋辣木引种试验初报  

Preliminary Study on Introduction of Moringa to Yuanmou of Yunnan

作　　者：阮明菊 王睿 张慧[1] 杨钺戈 曾千春[1] RUAN Mingju;WANG Rui;ZHANG Hui;YANG Yuege;ZENG Qianchun(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,昆明650201

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第2期16-21,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家现代农业产业体系岗位科学家“辣木种质资源与育种”(CARS-11-YNZQC);国家自然科学基金“多油辣木高效抗虫转基因研究”(31860414);云南省院士专家工作站“宋宝安院士工作站”(2019IC007);云南省基础面上项目“辣木抗虫转基因体系建立”(202101AT070214)。

摘　　要：研究旨在为明确境外辣木在云南元谋的适应性。对来自埃塞俄比亚、卢旺达、老挝和印度共6份辣木资源,进行了种子发芽和育苗移栽等研究,获得种子发芽率、成苗率,株高、茎粗、冠幅等。结果表明,供试的6份材料发芽率差异极显著,19-1(埃塞俄比亚)发芽率最高达83.33%,19-2(卢旺达)发芽率最低为5.33%;高成苗率的是19-2和19-1,分别为88.57%和85.67%,19-3(老挝)成苗率最低为29.26%;株高、茎粗的生长曲线均为“慢-快-慢”,冠幅生长曲线为“快-慢-快-慢”,其中,对照‘PKM1’株高、冠幅最大,分别为228.8 cm和144.86 cm,19-1茎最粗,直径为42.00 mm;鲜叶产量:CK>19-1>19-2>19-5>19-3>19-4,干叶产量:CK>19-1>19-2>19-5>19-4>19-3;种子产量:CK>19-3>19-5>19-4>19-2。初步得出19-1(埃塞俄比亚)是较好的叶用型种源,19-3(老挝)可作为果用型潜力品种。In order to determine the adaptability of introduced Moringa in Yuanmou of Yunnan Province,six germplasms of Moringa from Ethiopia,Rwanda,Laos and India were subjected to seed germination and seedling transplanting study.The seed germination rate,seedling rate,plant height,stem diameter and crown width were obtained.The results showed that the difference of germination rate of the tested materials was very significant.The germination rate of sample 19-1 from Ethiopia was the highest of 83.33%,while that of sample 19-2 from Rwanda was the lowest of 5.33%.The high seedling rates were obtained in sample 19-2 and sample 19-1,which were 88.57%and 85.67%,respectively,and the lowest seedling rate was of sample 19-3 from Laos at 29.26%.The growth curve of plant height and stem diameter was‘slow-fast-slow’,and the growth curve of crown width was‘fast-slow-fast-slow’.Among the germplasms,the control‘PKM1’had the largest plant height and crown width,which were 228.8 cm and 144.86 cm,respectively.Sample 19-1 had the thickest stem diameter of 42.00 mm.The fresh leaf yield was CK>19-1>19-2>19-5>19-3>19-4,the dry leaf yield was CK>19-1>19-2>19-5>19-4>19-3,and the seed yield was CK>19-3>19-5>19-4>19-2.The preliminary evaluation showed that 19-1(from Ethiopia)was a good germplasm for leaf use and 19-3(from Laos)could be a potential variety as fruit type.

关 键 词：辣木 元谋 种质资源 引种试验 苗木性状 

分 类 号：S59[农业科学—作物学]