淀粉型甘薯‘川薯231’的选育和优势特性鉴定  

Starch Type Sweet Potato Cultivar‘Chuanshu231’:Breeding and Superior Characteristics

作　　者：王芳[1] 乔帅 杨松涛[1] 宋伟 廖安忠 谭文芳[1] WANG Fang;QIAO Shuai;YANG Songtao;SONG Wei;LIAO Anzhong;TAN Wenfang(Crop Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Environment-friendly Crop Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610066)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院作物研究所/粮油作物绿色种质创新与遗传改良四川省重点实验室,成都610066

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第1期16-21,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部“国家现代农业产业技术体系”(CARS-10-B04);四川省科学技术厅“突破性薯类育种材料和方法创新及新品种选育(育种攻关项目)”(2021YFYZ0019);四川省科学技术厅“主要农作物种质资源研究与公共服务(育种攻关项目)”(2021YFYZ0020)。

摘　　要：为加快选育优质、高产淀粉型甘薯新品种,以优质淀粉型甘薯品种‘西成007’为母本,通过开放授粉的方法获得实生种子。在田间,经过实生苗初筛和高代鉴定获得稳产的候选材料,再结合西南联合试验和抗病鉴定筛选,最终选育出优质高产的淀粉型甘薯新品种,定名为‘川薯231’。对‘川薯231’的形态特征、开花习性、产量、抗病性、品质以及优势特征进行了研究。在2017和2018年的西南联合试验中‘川薯231’平均鲜薯产量为33.84 t/hm2,平均干率为35.62%,薯干产量为11.87 t/hm2,淀粉率为23.01%,均超出对照‘徐薯22’。‘川薯231’在大田抗病中表现为抗蔓割病,中抗黑斑病和根腐病。在生长特性上‘川薯231’薯块表现为萌芽性好,幼苗生长势强。‘川薯231’属于优质、高产淀粉型新品种,其具备的萌芽性好和生长速度快的特征,能够减少种薯消耗,提早栽插,延长大田生长期,增加经济效益。此外,‘川薯231’在田间生长速度快,有利于增强其抗逆性,具有较大的市场潜力,可为改良具有较强抗逆性的优质、高产淀粉型甘薯新品种提供重要的育种材料。在2021年‘川薯231’通过非主要农作物品种登记,登记编号为GPD甘薯(2021)510016。To speed up the breeding process of new sweet potato cultivars with high quality and high starch yield,the high-quality starch type cultivar‘Xicheng 007’was selected as the female parent,and the seedling seeds were obtained by open pollination.In field,the candidate materials with stable yield were obtained through screening seedlings and the identification of high generation,then the southwest combined test and disease resistance test were conducted,and the new sweet potato cultivar with high quality and high starch yield was selected,which was named‘Chuanshu231’.The morphological characteristics,flowering habit,yield,disease resistance,quality and superior characteristics of‘Chuanshu231’were studied.In 2017 and 2018 southwest combined tests,the average fresh weight yield of‘Chuanshu231’was 33.84 t/hm2,the dry matter rate was 35.62%,dry yield of sweet potato was 11.87 t/hm2,and the starch rate was 23.01%,all higher than those of the control‘Xushu22’.In field,‘Chuanshu231’showed resistance to stem rot disease,moderate resistance to root rot and black spot diseases,and had the advantages of good germination and rapid growth of seedlings.In a word,‘Chuanshu231’is a new starch type cultivar with high quality and high yield.It has the characteristics of good germination and early growth dominance which can reduce the consumption of sweet potato tubers,prolong the growing period in field and increase economic benefits.The fast growth rate of‘Chuanshu231’in field is beneficial to enhancing stress resistance,so this cultivar has a large market potential,and can provide important breeding material for new starch type sweet potato cultivars with high quality and high yield.‘Chuanshu231’was registered as GPD Sweet Potato(2021)510016 through the registration application of non-major crop in 2021.

关 键 词：‘川薯231’ 优质 淀粉 抗逆 生长势 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学]