苇基杏鲍菇栽培及产品分析  

Cultivation and Product Analysis of Pleurotus eryngii on Phragmites australis Substrates

作　　者：李晓宇[1] LI Xiaoyu(Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment/Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所/中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室,长春130102

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第1期51-55,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项子课题“盐碱泡沼湿地合理利用技术”(XDA28110401);中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项子课题“东北农牧交错带农-草-畜-水复合生态工程发展模式及示范”(XDA23060404);中国工程院院地合作重点咨询项目“吉林西部生态经济带生态功能提升与绿色发展战略研究”(JL2020-001)。

摘　　要：以木屑栽培的产业化杏鲍菇产品为对照,分析芦苇基质栽培的杏鲍菇形态、有机养分、矿质元素及重金属含量,从形态和营养上研究芦苇基质替代木屑栽培食用菌的可行性。结果表明,2种杏鲍菇的形态、鲜重、含水率、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、氨基酸含量等指标无显著差异。苇基杏鲍菇的粗多糖和锌含量显著低于木屑杏鲍菇,但其钙和铁含量显著高于后者。重金属中砷和镉的含量虽然有差异,但均低于食品安全标准。总体上,芦苇基质替代木屑栽培食用菌技术具有推广空间。Taking Pleurotus eryngii cultivated on wood as the control,the mushroom cultivated on Phragmites australis substrate was analyzed for morphology,organic nutrients,and the contents of mineral elements and heavy metals.The feasibility of using Phragmites australis to cultivate mushroom instead of wood was proposed from morphology and nutrition perspectives.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the morphology,fresh weight and water content of Pleurotus eryngii between the two kinds of cultivation,as well as in the contents of crude protein,crude fat and amino acid.The contents of crude polysaccharide and zinc were significantly lower in mushroom cultivated on Phragmites australis than those on wood,but the calcium and iron contents were significantly higher in the former than in the latter.Although there were some differences of arsenic and cadmium contents of mushroom between Phragmites australis and wood cultivation,the mushroom cultivated on both substrates could meet the food safety standards.In general,Phragmites australis cultivating mushroom instead of wood has a huge potential for promotion.

关 键 词：芦苇 食用菌 鲜重 有机营养 微量元素 重金属 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]