2022年诺贝尔物理学奖的科学内涵辨识  

On the interpretation of the 2022 Nobel Prize in physics

作　　者：葛惟昆[1] GE Wei-Kun(Depatment of Physics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学物理系,北京100084

出　　处：《物理》2022年第12期821-826,共6页Physics

摘　　要：2022年的诺贝尔物理学奖,被一些人误解为证明了量子纠缠现象。实际上,包括爱因斯坦本人都承认量子纠缠,关键在于如何诠释。今年诺贝尔物理学奖的价值在于这几位物理学家以无可争辩的实验事实,证明了基于定域隐变量的贝尔不等式是不对的。目前的一些介绍文字,没有认真解释量子力学在理论上是如何批驳贝尔不等式的,同时虽对量子纠缠的物理价值多有阐述,但对其哲学意义却鲜有评述,对社会上滥用纠缠概念缺少直接批判和阐释。文章希望在这两方面有所补充。There exists some misunderstanding that the 2022 Nobel Prize in physics was awarded for proving quantum entanglement.As a matter of fact,even Einstein himself admitted the quantum entanglement phenomenon;the problem is how to explain it.The value of this year’s Nobel Prize in physics lies in the unambiguous experimental demonstration that the Bell’s inequality expression based on local hidden variables is invalid.Many articles have been published on this event,but they lack a detailed derivation of the quantum mechanical contradiction to Bell’s inequality.In addition,most,if not all,articles emphasize only the academic significance of quantum entanglement,with almost no comment on its philosophical meaning or criticism on the abuse of the concept of quantum entanglement.This paper intends to provide a supplement for these two aspects.

关 键 词：量子纠缠 EPR佯谬 贝尔不等式 物理与哲学 

分 类 号：O413[理学—理论物理]