精神分裂症患者视觉知觉组织能力  

Investigation of visual perceptual organization ability in schizophrenics

作　　者：林越瑞 任博 雷桂芳[2] 王志友[2] 李丹 李明明 乌吉斯古楞[2] 王亚玲 孙洪军[2] LIN Yuerui;REN Bo;LEI Guifang(School of Psychology and Mental Health,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学心理与精神卫生学院,063210 [2]通辽市精神卫生中心

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2022年第12期1777-1782,共6页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：2020年国家自然科学基金(编号:82060256)。

摘　　要：目的:比较精神分裂症患者及正常对照在视觉轮廓整合任务中的表现,以考察其视觉知觉组织能力。方法:从通辽市精神卫生中心招募32名精神分裂症患者为观察组,30名工作人员为对照组,分别在指导下完成视觉轮廓整合任务,记录其在任务中的正确率及正确作答条件下的反应时。结果:两组被试在视觉轮廓整合任务中的正确率(F=5.22,P<0.05,η^(2)p=0.08]差异具有统计学意义,精神分裂症患者的正确率显著低于正常对照;反应时差异不具有统计学意义。针对不同难度等级任务的考察发现,难度5和难度4条件下的任务对于精神分裂症患者和正常对照的区分度更高,精神分裂症患者在难度5(t=-2.80,P<0.01,Cohen’s d=-0.73)和难度4(t=-2.90,P<0.01,Cohen’s d=-0.77)条件下的正确率显著低于正常对照。精神分裂症患者的病程与视觉轮廓整合任务中的反应时呈显著正相关(r=0.54,P<0.01)。结论:视觉轮廓整合任务能够评估精神分裂症患者的视觉知觉组织能力,并有效区分精神分裂症患者及正常人,该任务对于提升精神分裂症的诊断准确率、早期识别率等意义重大。Objective:To compare the performances of schizophrenics and normal controls in the visual contour integration task,in order to examine their visual perceptual organization ability.Methods:A total of 32schizophrenics were recruited as observation group,30 Mongolian staffs were recruited as control group from Tongliao Mental Health Center,they were instructed to finish the visual contour integration task respectively.The task recorded their accuracy rate and reaction time under the correct response.Results:The difference of accuracy rate(F=5.22,P<0.05,η^(2)p=0.08)in the visual contour integration task between the two groups of participants reached statistical significance,where the accuracy rate of schizophrenics was significantly lower than normal controls.The reaction time didn’t reach statistical significance.The investigation on different difficulty levels found that tasks under difficulty 5and difficulty 4were superior in distinguishing schizophrenics and normal controls,where the accuracy rate of schizophrenics under difficulty 5(t=-2.80,P<0.01,Cohen’s d=-0.73)and difficulty 4(t=-2.90,P<0.01,Cohen’s d=-0.77)was significantly lower than normal controls.The course of disease of schizophrenics was significantly correlated with reaction time in the visual contour integration task(r=0.54,P<0.01.).Conclusion:The visual contour integration task can assess the visual perceptual organization ability of schizophrenics,and effectively distinguish schizophrenics from normal people,which is of great significance in improving accuracy rate of diagnosis and early identification rate of schizophrenia.

关 键 词：精神分裂症 视觉知觉组织 视觉轮廓整合 自下而上 

分 类 号：R749.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]