北美红枫秋色叶呈色过程中GC-MS代谢组学分析  

GC-MS Metabolomic Analysis of Acer rubrum during Autumn Leaf Coloration

作　　者：唐玉情 张捷[1] 刘洋[2] 吴可心 闫雪[3] 唐中华[3] Tang Yuqing;Zhang Jie;Liu Yang;Wu Kexin;Yan Xue;Tang Zhonghua(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin150040,P.R.China;Heilongjiang University;Northeast Forestry University)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江大学 [3]东北林业大学

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2023年第2期70-76,共7页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31400337)。

摘　　要：以自然生长下的北美红枫秋色叶片为试材,以呈色过程中花色苷与叶绿素质量分数比为划分依据,分别追踪了北美红枫秋色叶片呈色初期、渐变初期、渐变中期、渐变末期和完全呈色期5个呈色阶段内,叶绿素、花色苷、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质质量分数的变化,并通过GC-MS代谢组学方法进一步分析了5个呈色阶段内代谢产物的动态变化。结果表明:北美红枫秋叶呈色是一个不断合成花色苷,降解叶绿素,并提高叶片内渗透势的过程,糖类物质是叶片着色主要的代谢环节。通过糖酵解(或糖异生)、半乳糖代谢途径,将蔗糖、麦芽糖和乳糖等糖源物质分解为流动性较强的葡萄糖、果糖和鼠李糖等,这不仅提高了细胞的渗透保护,也为花青素的糖苷化提供了充分的底物供应。除了糖类物质外,其它有机酸类的柠檬酸、苹果酸,脂肪酸类的棕榈酸、硬脂酸,以及氨基酸类的缬氨酸等保护性物质分别参与了TCA循环、不饱和脂肪酸合成、缬氨酸,亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的代谢途径,这不仅为叶片的着色提供了能量供应,也增强了叶片的渗透保护,为叶片赢得了生存时间,且促进了叶片的宏观着色。With the autumn leaves of red maple(Acer rubrum)under natural growth,and the ratio of anthocyanin and chlorophyll content during the coloring process was used to track the early,gradual,middle,late,and the changes of chlorophyll,anthocyanin,soluble sugar and soluble protein content in the five coloring stages of the complete coloring stage were further analyzed by GC-MS metabolomics method.The dynamic changes of metabolites in the five coloring stages were further analyzed.The coloring of A.rubrum autumn leaves is a process of continuously synthesizing anthocyanins,degrading chlorophyll,and increasing the osmotic potential in the leaves.Sugars are the main metabolic links of leaf coloring.Through glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and galactose metabolism pathways,sugar sources such as sucrose,maltose,and lactose are decomposed into more fluid glucose,fructose,rhamnose,etc.,which not only improves the osmotic protection of cells,but also provides sufficient substrate supply for the glycosylation of anthocyanins.In addition to sugars,organic acids such as citric acid and malic acid,fatty acids such as palmitic acid and stearic acid,and amino acids such as valine are involved in the TCA cycle,unsaturated fatty acid synthesis,and valine,respectively.The metabolic pathway of leucine and isoleucine,which not only provides energy supply for leaf coloring,but also enhances the osmotic protection of leaves,wins the survival time for leaves,and also promotes macroscopic coloration of leaves.

关 键 词：北美红枫 着色 花青素 GC-MS代谢 

分 类 号：Q946[生物学—植物学]