我国哈氏仿对虾资源分布、保护及开发利用现状  

Current Situation of Distribution,Protection,Development and Utilization of Parapenaeopsis hardwickii in China

作　　者：乔毅[1] 沈辉[1] 蒋葛 成婕 曹晓慧 窦雅斌 刘学实 万夕和[1] 史文军[1] 王李宝[1] 黎慧[1] 贲成凯 孙瑞建 QIAO Yi;SHEN Hui;JIANG Ge(Jiangsu Marine Fisheries Research Institute,Nantong 226007,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省海洋水产研究所,江苏南通226007 [2]上海海洋大学,上海201306 [3]南京师范大学,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《浙江海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期550-557,共8页Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University：Natural Science

基　　金：南通市科技计划项目(JC2020116);南通市第六期江海英才市级培养专项。

摘　　要：哈氏仿对虾是我国重要的海洋捕捞虾类渔业资源之一,我国对该资源开发利用较早,近年,随着海洋捕捞强度的不断提高,以及海洋生态环境条件的日益恶化,哈氏仿对虾的资源量大幅缩减,作为海洋食物链的中间体,该资源量的减少会扰乱海洋生态网络,导致其时空生态位失衡,进而加速哈氏仿对虾资源的衰竭。哈氏仿对虾属于广温广盐的暖水虾种,对环境的适应能力较强,具有非常好的人工繁育和养殖前景,但目前关于哈氏仿对虾的研究还处于较低水平。本文拟对哈氏仿对虾的生物学及生态学特点、资源分布现状、遗传多样性、繁殖生物学和人工驯化养殖前景等进行综合概述,以期为哈氏仿对虾的资源保护和人工增养殖研究提供参考。Parapenaeopsis hardwickii is one of the important marine fishery resources in China.The resources of P.hardwickii were developed and utilized earlier in China.In recent years,with the continuous improvement of marine fishing intensity and the worsening of marine ecological environment conditions,the resources of P.hardwickii have been greatly reduced.As an intermediate of the marine food chain,the reduction of the resources will disrupt the marine ecological network,lead to its spatio-temporal niche imbalance,and further accelerate the depletion of P.hardwickii resources.P.hardwickii is a warm water shrimp species with wide temperature and wide salt.It has strong adaptability to the environment and has a very good prospect of artificial breeding and breeding.However,the research on P.hardwickii is still at a low level.In this paper,the biological and ecological characteristics,resource distribution status,genetic diversity,reproductive biology and the prospect of artificial domestication and breeding of P.hardwickii are comprehensively summarized,so as to provide a reference for resource protection and artificial breeding of P.hardwickii.

关 键 词：哈氏仿对虾 资源分布 繁殖生物学 增殖放流 人工养殖 

分 类 号：S937.3[农业科学—渔业资源]