饲料添加复合氨基酸对锦鲤生长和生理生化指标的影响  

Effects of Complex Amino Acids Added in Feed on Growth and Physiological and Biochemical Indexes of Koi

作　　者：张春艳 张震 仇钧仪 初宇轩 彭磊磊 罗鹏 陈成勋 ZHANG Chunyan;ZHANG Zhen;QIU Junyi;CHU Yuxuan;PENG Leilei;LUO Peng;CHEN Chengxun(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture,College of Fishery,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300392,China;Tianjin Chaolin Aquaculture Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300380,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院水产学院,天津市水产生态及养殖重点实验室,天津300392 [2]天津市超林水产养殖有限公司,天津300380

出　　处：《经济动物学报》2022年第4期261-267,共7页Journal of Economic Animal

基　　金：天津市淡水养殖产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(ITTFRS2021000)。

摘　　要：为探究饲料中添加不同水平蛋氨酸和赖氨酸对锦鲤(Cyprinus carpio)生长性能、体型、体色和部分生理生化指标的影响,将蛋氨酸和赖氨酸以7∶20质量比混合制成复合氨基酸,分别以质量分数为0,0.6%,1.2%,1.8%,2.4%添加至基础饲料,在相同的环境下饲养相同规格的健康锦鲤60 d。结果表明:在蛋氨酸和赖氨酸添加量为1.8%时,锦鲤外部体型中的体质量和体长显著高于其他组(P<0.05),各生长指标皆呈先上升后下降的趋势;蛋氨酸和赖氨酸添加量为1.8%时,饲料转化率、蛋白质效率和肥满度均显著高于其他组(P<0.05);试验鱼亮度(L)和黄质(b)分别在蛋氨酸和赖氨酸添加量为0.6%,1.2%,1.8%时显著高于其他2组(P<0.05),且添加量为1.8%时值最高,红质(a)各组无差异(P>0.05);部分生理生化指标中,肝脏GOT和GPT值均在蛋氨酸和赖氨酸添加量为1.8%时最低;蛋氨酸和赖氨酸添加量为1.8%时的血液SOD值和肝脏SOD值皆显著高于其他组(P<0.05);各组间胆固醇和白球比差异不显著(P>0.05)。综合分析表明:饲料中赖氨酸和蛋氨酸量添加为1.8%,对锦鲤生长指标、体型、体色和部分生理生化指标的综合效果最佳。In order to explore the effects of different levels of methionine and lysine added in feed on the growth performance, somatotype, body color and some physiological and biochemical indexes of koi(Cyprinus carpio), methionine and lysine were mixed at a mass ratio of 7∶20 to make complex amino acids, and the mass percentages of 0, 0.6%, 1.2%, 1.8% and 2.4% were added in the base feed, respectively, and healthy koi of the same specifications were raised in the same environment for 60 days. The results showed that when methionine and lysine were added at 1.8%, the weight and body length of koi in the external somatotype were significantly higher than those in other groups(P<0.05), and the growth indicators showed a trend of increasing at the beginning and then decreasing, among which when methionine and lysine were added at 1.8%, the feed conversion rate, protein efficiency and fullness were significantly higher than those in other groups(P<0.05), and the brightness(L) and xanthin(b) of the experimental fish were significantly different when the addition amount was 0.6% and 1.2%, respectively(P<0.05), and the addition of methionine and lysine was 1.8%, there was no difference between groups of red matter(a)(P>0.05). Among some physiological and biochemical indexes, the values of liver GOT and GPT were the lowest when the amount of methionine and lysine was 1.8%. When methionine and lysine were added at 1.8%, the blood SOD value and liver SOD value were significantly higher than those in the other groups(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in cholesterol and white globular ratio between groups(P>0.05). Comprehensive analysis showed that the amount of lysine and methionine added in feed was 1.8% to obtain the best comprehensive effects on growth indicators, somatotype, body color and some physiological and biochemical indexes of koi.

关 键 词：氨基酸 锦鲤 生长指标 体型 体色 生理生化指标 

分 类 号：S965.116[农业科学—水产养殖]