数字信贷对传统商业银行的影响  

The Impact of Digital Lending on Traditional Commercial Banks

作　　者：董艳 谭苏航 董梦瑶 吴善辉 DONG Yan;TAN Suhang;DONG Mengyao;WU Shanhui(Research Institute of Economics and Management,Southwestern University of Finance and Economics)

机构地区：[1]西南财经大学经济与管理研究院

出　　处：《数量经济技术经济研究》2023年第2期69-89,共21页Journal of Quantitative & Technological Economics

摘　　要：党的二十大报告指出要构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制,推进金融体系稳定健康发展是实现这一目标的内在要求。在数字技术迅猛发展的背景下,作为金融体系重要组成部分的商业银行的发展问题一直广受关注。本文基于地区金融发展和微观家庭金融调查数据,分别从宏观和微观层面探讨数字信贷发展水平对商业银行业务的影响。研究发现,在宏观层面,数字信贷和银行网点扩张之间存在“U”形关系,这种影响在不同地区和不同类型的银行中存在异质性,具体表现在农村地区、经济欠发达地区以及西部地区的数字信贷和银行网点扩张间的“U”形关系更加明显,同时农村商业银行的网点扩张与数字信贷发展水平之间呈现明显的“U”形关系。在微观层面,本文发现数字信贷与家庭正规贷款规模之间也呈“U”形关系,这是对宏观实证结论的进一步验证。本文为理解数字信贷发展对商业银行的影响提供了宏观和微观两个层面的证据,“U”形关系的发现也解释了相关文献的部分争议。The rapid growth of digital finance in China has attracted considerable attention.An interesting question in this context is how the development of digital finance will affect traditional banking institutions;however,the empirical literature has been ambiguous regarding this question.While some scholars believe that the rapid expansion of digital finance has imposed competitive pressures on traditional banks,thus threatening their businesses in different channels,others believe that commercial banks are successfully embracing and actively adopting digital technology to upgrade their financial business and improve business efficiency.As an important part of digital finance,the emergence and development of digital lending by non-banking financial institutions have intensified competition in the credit market.The impact of digital lending on the traditional financial industry(as represented by commercial banks)is worth exploring.In this study,the nonlinear relationship between the development of digital lending and the expansion of bank branches is explored based on county-level macroeconomic panel data from 2014 to 2019 and the China Household Finance Survey in 2017 and 2019.Two-way fixed-effect model and pooled ordinary least squares model are applied in this study to explore the nonlinear relationship between digital lending and bank branch expansion at macro and micro levels,respectively.At the macro level,there is a U-shaped relationship between digital lending and bank branch expansion.In the early stage,the development of digital lending negatively impacts the expansion of bank branches,suggesting that digital lending acts as a competitor to commercial banks.However,with the further development of digital lending,these negative impacts gradually fade,and credit lending starts to positively impact the development of commercial banking.Heterogeneous analysis shows that this impact of digital lending on bank branch expansion is different across different types of banks and different regions.These results show th

关 键 词：数字技术 信贷业务 银行网点扩张 家庭信贷 

分 类 号：F832.5[经济管理—金融学]