原料产地对中国东北和韩国旧石器时代晚期黑曜岩石器工业的影响  

Impact of raw material source on the obsidian lithic industry of Northeast China and South Korea

作　　者：侯哲 赵宇超 高星[3,4,5] 成春泽 HOU Zhe;ZHAO Yuchao;GAO Xing;SEONG Chuntaek(School of Archaeology Jilin University,Changchun 130012;Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental and Social Archaeology,Institute of Cultural Heritage,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237;Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044;CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment,Beijing 100044;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;Department of History,KyungHee University,South Korea,Seoul 02447)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学考古学院,长春130012 [2]山东大学环境与社会考古国际合作联合实验室,山东大学文化遗产研究院,青岛266237 [3]中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室,中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,北京100044 [4]中国科学院生物演化与环境卓越创新中心,北京100044 [5]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [6]庆熙大学历史系,韩国首尔02447

出　　处：《人类学学报》2022年第6期982-993,共12页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDB26030203);郑州大学中华文明根系研究(XKZDJC202006),国家重点研发专项(2020YFC1521500);考古中国——吉林东部长白山地区古人类遗址调查与研究。

摘　　要：本文以原料产地距离衰减效应为视角,根据目前中国东北地区和韩国旧石器时代晚期黑曜岩石制品的发现情况以及黑曜岩产源地研究成果,结合狩猎采集人群社交网络模型、民族学、考古学资料,对以长白山为核心的黑曜岩源产地对中韩两地的辐射影响作出了直接供应区(天池火山口为圆心辐射半径150~200 km)和接触区(距离天池火山口200 km以上)的划分。在此基础上对比研究两地的黑曜岩石制品,发现由于距离源头产地较远,韩国黑曜岩石制品的数量以及类型丰度均低于中国东北地区。而又由于原料的长距离损耗以及对于原料更加经济的开发利用,导致韩国典型遗址中黑曜岩细石核与完整石片的体积更小,原料缩减更甚。Using Renfrew’s distance decay model of obsidian exchange and evidence of Upper Paleolithic obsidian artifacts and sources in northeastern China and South Korea, an obsidian raw material supply zone(r=150~200 km) and a direct supply zone(r>200 km) were identified within crater Lake Tianchi, which represents a radiation core for both northeastern China and Korean Peninsula. Comparative statistical analysis of the distribution and artifacts of this region indicated the following results. 1) The number of obsidian artifacts and artifact types are higher in northwestern Chinese Upper Paleolithic sites;and 2) obsidian microblade core reduction is more intense with the size of complete flakes generally smaller in typical South Korean Upper Paleolithic sites. We argue that significant differences of obsidian distribution and usage between the two regions reflects availability and size of obsidian raw materials, associated to the distance from source localities in the Changbai Mountains.

关 键 词：石制品 黑曜岩 原料 旧石器时代晚期 中国东北 韩国 

分 类 号：K871.11[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]