骨髓染色体制备方法及临床应用  

Preparation of Bone Marrow Chromosome and Its Clinical Application

作　　者：李付广 谢小雷 汤素环 唐江 尹卫国 Li Fu-guang;Xie Xiao-lei;Tang Su-huan;Tang Jiang;Yin Wei-guo(Department of Molecular Diagnostic Center,Qingyuan People's Hospital,Qingyuan 511518,Guangdong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]清远市人民医院分子诊断中心,广东清远511518

出　　处：《中外医药研究》2022年第12期156-158,共3页JOURNAL OF CHINESE AND FOREIGN MEDICINE AND PHARMACY RESEARCH

基　　金：清远市科技计划项目(编号:2019A036)。

摘　　要：目的:建立并优化骨髓染色体制备的方法,分析其在血液病诊断中的应用价值。方法:选取2019年1月-2020年12月清远市人民医院分子诊断中心的血液病患者骨髓标本197例为研究对象,根据培养时间不同分成研究1组、研究2组、研究3组、研究4组四组。优化影响骨髓染色体制备的各个环节,对培养时间进行单因素分析,确定最佳染色体制备流程;对不同血液病异常染色体检情况进行统计分析。结果:四组染色体分裂相数值比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究2组染色体分裂相值高于研究4组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);四组培养成功率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究2组培养成功率高于研究4组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。通过使用改良后的短期培养法,197例标本中186例成功,成功率为94.4%,异常核型检出率34.5%,异常类型中结构异常34例,数目和结构均异常14例,数目异常21例。结论:改良后,培养18 h的短期培养法成功率高,稳定性好,异常染色体检出率高,是适合骨髓染色体制备的最佳方案;异常染色体核型的检出对白血病诊断分型、治疗及预后判断提供了重要参考依据。Objective:To establish and optimize the preparation method of bone marrow chromosome and analyze its application value in the diagnosis of blood diseases.Methods:A total of 197 bone marrow samples of blood disease patients from the Molecular Diagnostic Center of Qingyuan People's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the research objects,and divided into study group 1,study group 2,study group 3,study group 4 according to different culture time.Each link affecting the preparation of bone marrow chromosomes was optimized,and the single factor analysis of culture time was carried out to determine the best chromosome preparation process.The abnormal staining physical examination of different blood diseases was analyzed statistically.Results:The four groups of chromosome division phase values were compared,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The chromosome division phase value in study group 2 was higher than that in study group 4,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The success rate of culture among the four groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).The success rate of culture in study group 2 was higher than that in study group 4,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).By using the improved short-term culture method,186 out of 197 specimens were successful,the success rate was 94.4%,the abnormal karyotype detection rate was 34.5%,the abnormal type of structure in 34 cases,abnormal number and structure in 14 cases,abnormal number in 21 cases.Conclusion:After the improvement,the short-term culture method for 18 h has high success rate,good stability and high detection rate of abnormal chromosomes,which is the best scheme suitable for the preparation of bone marrow chromosomes.The detection of abnormal chromosome karyotype provides an important reference for the diagnosis,classification,treatment and prognosis of leukemia.

关 键 词：恶性血液病 骨髓染色体 短期培养法 染色体核型分析 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]