强制执行公证司法审查问题研究  

Research on the Issue of Compulsory Execution Notarization Judicial Review

作　　者：辛大为 XIN Dawei(Shandong Provincial Department of Justice,Jinan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省司法厅,山东济南250014

出　　处：《枣庄学院学报》2023年第1期85-90,共6页Journal of Zaozhuang University

摘　　要：强制执行公证司法审查规则目前尚不清晰,对于债权基础法律关系、执行证书、公证债权文书是否审查以及如何审查等问题远未形成共识。债权基础法律关系不应被纳入司法审查范围,原因在于对其审查缺乏规范依据和实践认同,也不符合审执分离原则要求。对于执行证书的审查,由于涉及审查机关的职能重复,且最后要以法院判断结果为准,因而双轨制审查模式并不足采,执行证书制度应予以废弃。对于公证债权文书的审查,《民事诉讼法》第238条“确有错误”虽然被《公证执行规定》限缩为严重违反法定程序的情形,但由于执行阶段对于程序错误情形的判断十分困难,可以变被执行人异议模式为法院立案审查模式。通过执行立案对程序合法性要件的审查,保障公证债权文书的执行力,确保审执分离原则要求得到贯彻。At present, the rules for mandatory enforcement of notarization judicial review are still unclear, and there is far from a consensus on the basic legal relationship of creditor’ s rights, execution certificates, whether and how to review notarized creditor’ s rights documents.The basic legal relationship of creditor’ s rights should not be included in the scope of judicial review, because the review lacks normative basis and practical recognition for its review, and does not meet the requirements of the principle of separation of trial and execution.As for the review of the execution certificate, because the review by the notary public and the judicial review by the execution court are repeated, and the final judgment result of the court shall prevail, the dual-track review mode is not enough, and the execution certificate system should be abandoned.Regarding the review of notarized creditor’ s rights documents, the judgment of "there is indeed a mistake" in Article 238 of the Civil Procedure Law is narrowly interpreted as a procedural error.However, due to the difficulty in judging procedural errors in the execution stage, the objection model of the person subject to execution can be changed to the court filing review model, and the review of the procedural legality elements through the execution filing ensures the execution of the notarized creditor’ s rights document and avoids the review at the execution stage difficult question.

关 键 词：强制执行公证 司法审查 债权基础法律关系 执行证书 公证债权文书 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]