半干旱-亚湿润干旱沙区樟子松根内真菌群落结构和功能时空动态特征  

Temporal and Spatial Variations in Root-associated Fungi Associated with Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica in the Semi-arid and Dry Sub-humid Desertified Regions of Northern China

作　　者：赵珮杉 郭米山 高广磊[1,2,3] 丁国栋 张英[1,2,3] 任悦 ZHAO Pei-shan;GUO Mi-shan;GAO Guang-lei;DING Guo-dong;ZHANG Ying;REN Yue(Engineering Research Centre of Forestry Ecological Engineering,Ministry of Education,School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Yanchi Ecology Research Station of the Mu Us Desert,Yanchi 751500,China;Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;China Institute of Water Resource and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,林业生态工程教育部工程研究中心,北京100083 [2]宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站,盐池751500 [3]北京林业大学水土保持国家林业和草原局重点实验室,北京100083 [4]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《环境科学》2023年第1期502-511,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2021ZY47)。

摘　　要：研究揭示呼伦贝尔沙地樟子松天然林和不同引种地(呼伦贝尔沙地、科尔沁沙地和毛乌素沙地)不同林龄(中龄林、近熟林和成熟林)人工林根内真菌群落结构和功能时空动态特征及其对环境变化(气候因子和土壤理化性质)的响应,阐明樟子松根内真菌生态功能及其与林木生长的互作关系.结果表明:(1)樟子松人工林根内真菌多样性指数均显著高于天然林(P<0.05),且毛乌素沙地人工林最高;樟子松根内真菌群落存在明显的地理分布,但林龄影响不存在显著差异(P>0.05).(2)与樟子松人工林相比,天然林外生菌根真菌比例更高(50.49%),主要包括Acephala、小菇属(Mycena)和乳牛肝菌属(Suillus);樟子松天然林主要指示菌种为Acephala,呼伦贝尔沙地人工林为肉齿菌属(Sarcodon),科尔沁沙地人工林为红菇属(Russula)和美口菌属(Calostoma),毛乌素沙地人工林为地孔菌属(Geopora)、Mallocybe和棉革菌属(Tomentella).(3)在樟子松天然林和人工林中,指示菌种主要受到有效氮、有效磷和林龄的影响,而与土壤含水量、pH值和全氮含量相关的指示菌种数量较少;地理位置和环境因子共解释了樟子松根内真菌群落变化的43.25%.地理位置和环境变化共同塑造了半干旱和亚湿润干旱沙区樟子松根内群落结构和功能的空间动态特征,林龄对塑造根内真菌群落时间动态变化的贡献较小,但根内真菌群落也存在一定的时间异质性;天然林共生营养型真菌比例更高,有利于樟子松林木健康生长,不同引种地人工林共生、腐生和病理营养型真菌比例变化趋势不同,腐生和病理营养型真菌增加可能对林木生长和健康状况存在消极影响.研究结果可为樟子松人工林经营管理提供理论依据.To illuminate the ecological functions of root-associated fungi(RAF)and their interactions with host plants,we revealed the root-associated fungal diversity and community compositions of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica involving natural forests and plantations(half-mature,nearly mature,and mature forests)in the Hulunbuir Desert,Horqin Desert,and Mu Us Desert and investigated the environmental driving factors(climatic condition and soil property).The results indicated that:(1)the diversity of RAF in the natural forests was significantly lower than that in plantations(P<0.05),and the values were highest in the Mu Us Desert.There was a distinct geographical distribution in the RAF community,but the influence of stand age was not significant(P>0.05).(2)The relative abundance of ectomycorrhizal fungi(50.49%)in natural forests was higher than that in plantations,such as Acephala,Mycena,and Suillus.The indicator genera were diverse involving the natural forests(Acephala)and plantations in the Hulunbuir Desert(Sarcodon),Horqin Desert(Russula and Calostoma),and Mu Us Desert(Geopora,Mallocybe,and Tomentella).(3)The indicator genera were mainly affected by available nitrogen content,available phosphorus content,and stand age,and few indicator genera were related to soil water content,pH,and total nitrogen content.A total of 43.25%of the variation in the RAF community was accounted for by both geographic location and environmental factors.Overall,geographic location and environmental factors shaped the spatial variation in the RAF structure and function of P.sylvestris natural forests and plantations in the semi-arid and dry sub-humid desertified regions;there were no significant temporal variations in RAF across stand ages,but the nonuniformity in fungal distribution with stand ageing cannot be ignored.The large population of symbiotic fungi in natural forests was conducive to the healthy growth of hosts;the ratio of symbiotic,saprophytic,and pathotrophic fungi varied in different plantations,and the increase in the proporti

关 键 词：樟子松 真菌功能 地理分布 气候条件 林龄 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]