中国学习者语调范畴感知学习机制探究  

The perceptual learning mechanism of intonation contour category by Chinese EFL learners

作　　者：纪晓丽[1,2] 张辉 李爱军[4] Ji Xiaoli;Zhang Hui;Li Aijun

机构地区：[1]江苏科技大学外国语学院 [2]南京师范大学 [3]南京师范大学外国语学院 [4]中国社会科学院语言所

出　　处：《外语教学》2023年第1期30-38,共9页Foreign Language Education

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中国方言区英语学习者语音习得机制的跨学科研究”(项目编号:15ZDB103);江苏省人文社科基金青年项目“中国学习者英语韵律加工的ERP研究”(项目编号:19YYC001)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：本文借助实验语音学手段合成实验语料,通过语调范畴感知学习实验,考察不同记忆系统对中国学习者英语语调范畴感知学习的影响,探索二语者语调范畴感知的心理机制。结果发现:1)经过语调范畴感知训练,学习者可以形成对应的语调范畴,1ST变化下的测试新语料和训练中出现的语料感知结果无差异,但该结果受到音高扰动变化、音高重音个数和位置变化的影响;2)训练后的语调范畴感知结果和程序性记忆、工作记忆正相关,只有下降调的范畴感知结果和陈述性记忆负相关。本文发现两点与COVIS模型和DP模型不一致的地方:第一,学习者的语调范畴感知学习倾向于基于信息整合的范畴学习,确实依赖于程序性记忆。但和COVIS模型不同,学习者语调范畴感知学习也会受到工作记忆的影响,工作记忆中的注意可以帮助学习者提取与范畴感知学习有关的信息,抑制无关信息;第二,和DP模式句法训练结果不同,学习者在课堂中得到的显性指导,使学习者对边界调的范畴感知学习效果要好过音高重音,二语语调的范畴感知学习,可能需要的是一种显性指导和隐性训练结合的方式,但这一点需要进一步的实验验证。Using one English sentence resynthesized with different intonation contours, the paper investigates rapid perceptual learning of intonation contour categories by Chinese EFL learners and examines the relationships between procedural memory, declarative memory, working memory and L2 learners’ intonation-category learning to explore L2 learners’ intonation category learning mechanism. It is found that: 1) After a short intonation category training, the learners could form abstract representation of intonation contours:previous encountered and novel exemplars are categorized equally when the pitch disturbance is 1 semitone away from the prototype, yet the result can be affected by the degree of pitch disturbance, the number and location of pitch accent;2) The standard, linear multiple regression results prove procedural memory and working memory to be statistically significant predictors of intonation category learning while declarative memory has been found to be only negative correlated with the final-fall prototype. This paper postulates two different proposition from COVIS and DP model: firstly, L2 learners’ intonation category learning inclines to use information-integration strategy which relies on procedural memory as COVIS proposed. However, this process is also mediated by working memory which can help learners to extract related information and inhibit unrelated information for category learning.Secondly, unlike the syntax training under DP model, the explicit instruction of boundary tones in classroom grants an advantage to category learning of boundary compared to category learning of pitch accent, which indicates intonation training may need a combination of explicit instruction and implicit training.

关 键 词：语调范畴感知学习 陈述性记忆 程序性记忆 工作记忆 

分 类 号：H319[语言文字—英语]