发动机进气噪声气动声源特性分析  

Analysis of Aerodynamic Sound Source Characteristics of Engine Intake Noise

作　　者：刘军 苏醒[2] 马家义[2] 杨志浩 张惠威 张宁[2] LIU Jun;SU Xing;MA Jiayi;YANG Zhihao;ZHANG Huiwei;ZHANG Ning(State Key Laboratory of Engine Reliability,Weichai Power Co.,Ltd.,Weifang 261061,Shandong,China;State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control,Jilin University,Changchun 130025,China)

机构地区：[1]潍柴动力股份有限公司内燃机可靠性国家重点实验室,山东潍坊261061 [2]吉林大学汽车仿真与控制国家重点实验室,长春130025

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2023年第1期221-226,共6页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：内燃机可靠性国家重点实验室资助项目(skler-201604)。

摘　　要：目前主要通过进气空滤器对发动机进气系统的气动噪声进行降噪,而通过对气动声源的研究进行源头降噪具有一定实际意义。但由于进气道-气门-燃烧室等的特殊性,难以测量声源的声学状况,故以进气道-气门-燃烧室为研究对象,通过仿真研究气动声源位置分布。结果表明:进气门密封锥面处偶极子声源强度较大;两进气道的气流相遇处以及靠近壁面处四极子声源强度较大。在原有结构中改变进气门过渡圆角半径R对气动噪声源进行控制,R增大为11 mm时,偶极子和四极子声源声压级(Sound Pressure Level,SPL)峰值分别降低7 dB和8 dB,噪声主要集中在中低频区域,频率大于2 000 Hz后SPL衰减迅速。增大R可以降低噪声源处的声能量,从而降低对外表现的噪声。At present, the intake air filter is mainly used to reduce the aerodynamic noise of engine intake systems, thus the research of the aerodynamic sound source has some practical significance. However, it is difficult to measure the acoustic performance of the aerodynamic sound source because of the structural particularity of inlet-valve-combustion chamber system. In this paper, the distribution of aerodynamic sound source of the inlet-valve-combustion chamber system is studied by numerical simulation. The results show that the intensity of dipole sound sources on the surface of the sealing cone of the intake valve is higher, and the intensity of quadrupole sound sources near the wall is higher at the air flow intersection of the two inlets. In the original structure, changing the transition fillet radius R of the inlet valve can control the aerodynamic noise source. When the R is increased to 11 mm, the peak sound pressure levels(SPLs) of dipole and quadrupole sound sources are reduced by 7 dB and 8 d B, respectively. The noise is mainly concentrated in medium-low frequency range, and the SPL attenuates rapidly when the frequency is greater than 2 000 Hz. Increasing R can reduce the sound energy at the noise sources so as to reduce the external noise.

关 键 词：声学 发动机 进气道 气动噪声 四极子声源 偶极子声源 

分 类 号：TK427[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]