分级研究生教育人力资本的时空分布特征与经济增长效应  

The Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Economic Growth Effects of Graduate Education Human Capital in Different Levels

作　　者：魏萍[1] 黄容霞 WEI Ping;HUANG Rongxia(Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan 430073)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学公共管理学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《中国高教研究》2023年第1期64-70,共7页China Higher Education Research

基　　金：全国教育科学规划国家一般课题“高水平行业特色高校一流本科建设路径研究”(BIA200178)的研究成果。

摘　　要：基于2003—2019年中国31个省(自治区、直辖市)面板数据,分析研究生人力资本时空分布特征,识别硕士和博士研究生对经济增长的本地直接效应、时间滞后效应和空间溢出效应。研究发现,研究生人力资本全局空间相关性先降后升,局部空间相关性主要呈正相关,表现为高高和低低集聚模式。硕士研究生人力资本通过要素积累机制对经济增长产生了显著的本地直接效应和空间溢出效应;博士研究生人力资本通过技术模仿机制对经济增长产生了负向时间滞后效应;分地区看,东中部博士研究生人力资本的技术创新效应显著,西部物质资本对经济增长贡献大。建议优化创新型博士研究生和应用型硕士研究生规模、结构和质量,着力提升研究生知识和实践创新能力,因地制宜调整研究生空间布局。Based on the panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2003 to 2019, this paper analyses the characteristics of the spatial and temporal distribution of postgraduate human capital and identifies the direct local,time-lagged and spatial spillover effects of masters and doctors on economic growth. The results show that the global spatial correlation of human capital of graduate students firstly decreases and then increases, and the local spatial correlation is mainly positive, showing High-High and Low-Low agglomeration patterns. The human capital of postgraduates has a significant local direct effect and a spatial spillover effect on economic growth through the factor accumulation mechanism. The human capital of doctor has a negative time lag effect on economic growth through technology imitation mechanism. In different regions, the technological innovation effect of doctors in the east and middle regions is remarkable, while the material capital in the west contributes significantly to economic growth.Therefore, the colleges should optimize the scale, structure, and quality of master and doctor, focus more on improving innovation ability, and adjust the spatial layout of postgraduates according to local conditions.

关 键 词：研究生人力资本 经济增长 空间相关性 空间溢出效应 

分 类 号：F124.1[经济管理—世界经济] F249.2[文化科学—高等教育学] G643[文化科学—教育学]