低碳合金钢18CrNiMo7-6齿轮弯曲疲劳试验研究与误差分析  

Experimental study and error analysis on bending fatigue of low-carbon alloy steel 18CrNiMo7-6 gear

作　　者：陈地发 刘怀举[1] 朱加赞 徐永强 魏沛堂[1] 何海风 CHEN Difa;LIU Huaiju;ZHU Jiazan;XU Yongqiang;WEI Peitang;HE Haifeng(State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,P.R.China;China Gas Turbine Establishment,Chengdu 610559,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学机械传动国家重点实验室,重庆400044 [2]中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院,成都610599

出　　处：《重庆大学学报》2023年第1期1-15,共15页Journal of Chongqing University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目资助(2018YFB2001300)。

摘　　要：齿轮弯曲疲劳试验是评价齿轮弯曲疲劳性能的重要手段,为保证试验结果的准确性,探究试验过程误差对试验结果的影响。根据GB/T 14230—1993《齿轮弯曲疲劳强度试验方法》中的B试验法以跨五齿对称加载方式制定弯曲疲劳试验方案,进行有限元仿真与电阻应变片测试验证试验方案的正确性,采用升降法开展18CrNiMo7-6喷丸齿轮弯曲疲劳试验,分析齿轮几何精度、装夹误差以及设备加载精度对弯曲疲劳试验结果的影响。结果表明:试验方案计算齿根弯曲应力与有限元仿真以及电阻应变测试的结果最大误差为8.7%,满足工程需求;99%可靠度下18CrNiMo7-6喷丸齿轮弯曲疲劳极限为642 MPa,相比国标中MQ级的500 MPa提高28%,标准设计偏保守。齿轮的几何精度以及试验设备精度对弯曲疲劳试验结果影响较大,考虑误差综合作用对试验结果的影响为2.43%。Gear bending fatigue test is an important means to evaluate gear bending fatigue performance.In this work,the effects of test process errors on test results were investigated to ensure the accuracy of test results.According to the method B in the national standard GB/T 14230—1993,the bending fatigue test scheme was made with symmetrical loading across five teeth.The finite element simulation and strain gauging were carried out to verify the correctness of the test scheme.The bending fatigue test of 18CrNiMo7-6 shot peened gear was performed by D-M method.The effects of gear geometric accuracy,clamping error and equipment loading accuracy on the bending fatigue test results were analyzed.The results show that the maximum error between the calculation of bending stress of tooth root and the results of finite element simulation and strain gauge stress analysis was 8.7%,which meets the engineering requirements.Under 99%reliability,the bending fatigue limit of 18CrNiMo7-6 shot peened gear was 642 MPa,which is 28%higher than 500 MPa of MQ grade in the GB standard,suggesting that the standard design is conservative.The geometric accuracy of the gear and the accuracy of the test equipment have great effects on the bending fatigue test results.Considering the comprehensive effects of the errors,the effect on the test results is 2.43%.

关 键 词：齿轮弯曲疲劳试验 应变测试 有限元仿真 误差分析 

分 类 号：TH114[机械工程—机械设计及理论]