欧美发达国家学校治理:运行机制、内在逻辑及经验启示  

School Governance in Developed Countries in Europe and America:Operational Mechanism,Internal Logic,Experiences and Implications

作　　者：范勇[1] 何少芬 FAN Yong;HE Shaofen(School of Teacher Education,NanJing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Qinghai Nationalities University,Xining 810077,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学教师教育学院,南京210044 [2]青海民族大学文学院,西宁810077

出　　处：《比较教育学报》2023年第1期49-61,共13页Journal of Comparative Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学重大课题“中国特色社会主义教育制度优势及转化为治理效能的实现路径研究”(项目编号:VGA200001);上海市哲学社会科学规划教育学青年项目“基础教育学区化集团化办学政策效果评估研究”(项目编号:B2022001)。

摘　　要：学校治理是学校的系统性变革,包含了学校管理方式与育人结构的价值追求,已成为各国推进教育改革的重要举措。结合新公共治理理论,将欧美发达国家的学校治理运行机制划分为质量引领的市场机制、威权主导的行政机制以及专业驱动的教育机制三种,共同揭示了学校治理的内在逻辑:分权赋能、监督问责和以信任合作为核心的协同治理。对我国学校治理而言,需要从治理主体关系、权力配置、治理工具等方面入手,明晰治理主体间的权责关系,转变权力运行向度,在政府与市场之间保持适度张力,寻求集权与分权的有机结合,以自治与共治为治理工具,实现学校善治。School governance is a systematic reform of school,which includes the value pursuit of school management style and education structure.It has become a significant measure to promote education reform in various countries.According to the New Public Governance Theory,School governance operational mechanisms in European and American developed countries can be divided into three types:quality-led market mechanism,authoritarian-led administrative mechanism and professional-driven education mechanism.We can find basic logic of school governance behind the different mechanisms:empowerment by decentralization,supervision and accountability and collaborative governance with trust and cooperation.For school governance in our country,it is necessary to clarify the relationship between governance stakeholders,power allocation and governance tools,to change the direction of power operation,maintain a moderate tension between the government and the market,to seek an organic combination of centralization and decentralization,and to regard autonomy and collaborative governance as effective tools to achieve good governance.

关 键 词：学校治理 分权 协同 善治 

分 类 号：G4[文化科学—教育学]